人工智能时代的公共外交——基于建构主义视角的迷思

Public Diplomacy in the Era of Artificial Intelligence—A Myth from the Perspective of Constructivism

摘要: 国际关系学界关于人工智能的研究已拉开序幕，但既有论述难以跳出探讨历次工业和科技革命时的悲观逻辑。为此以建构主义理论作为研究框架，本文分析并展望人工智能对于国际关系中观念和文化变革的意义，并引出对人工智能时代公共外交的迷思：在未来，跨国行为体将是公共外交的重点对象，公共外交必须积极培育并迎合人工智能发展的建构优势；人工智能时代的数据决策和媒介化社会带来团体施动性的异化，将挑战公共外交的可行性和效用；在人工智能对于国际体系文化的冲击中，传递以互助共享为核心的人工智能观、推动康德文化的演进将是公共外交的新使命。迷思的价值取决于分析视野和具体实践，学界应重点考量人工智能的哲学与文化内涵，发掘其中显在或潜在的和平学价值。

Abstract: Researches on artificial intelligence (AI) in international relations have begun, but it is difficult for them to break away from the pessimistic logic of the previous industrial and technological revolu-tions. Therefore, according to the theory of constructivism as the research framework, the paper analyzes and explores the significance of the concept and cultural changes in international relations by AI, and leads to the myth of public diplomacy in the era of AI. In the future, transnational actors will be the key objects of public diplomacy. Public diplomacy must actively cultivate and cater to the construction advantages of AI development. The dissimilation of corporate agency brought by data decision and media society in the era of AI, will challenge the feasibility and effectiveness of public diplomacy. In the impact of AI on the international system culture, it will be the new mission of public diplomacy to pass on the concept of AI centered on mutual assistance and sharing and promote the evolution of Kantian culture. The value of myth depends on the perspective of analysis and specific practice. The academic community should focus on the philosophical and cultural connotation of AI, and explore the obvious or potential value of peace.