南黄海沿岸某入海河流水体有机污染调查方法研究
Investigation Method of Organic Pollution in the Water of a River Entering the Southern Yellow Sea
DOI: 10.12677/AEP.2020.103036, PDF,   
作者: 赵 恒：国家海洋局东海环境监测中心，上海；上海彩虹鱼海洋科技股份有限公司，上海
关键词: 入海河流；有机污染物；定性定量；风险评价；River Estuary； Organic Pollutants； Qualitative and Quantitative； Risk Assessment
摘要: 本研究以南黄海沿岸某河流入海口附近水体为典型目标水体，建立了对水样中不同极性未知有机污染物筛查定性定量的方法。采用在不同酸碱条件C18柱串联HLB柱的固相萃取方法，提取水样中不同极性的有机污染物。利用GC-MS在全扫描模式下对样品中的物质进行了检测。在去除背景干扰情况下，使用NIST11谱库对主要的30种物质的质谱图进行检索，结合人工解谱和目标物极性判断，可直接确定名称的化合物10种，其中包括农药乐果及其2种降解产物、2种脂肪酸及其对应甲酯、邻苯二甲酸乙酯、雪松醇。通过对标准样品的测定，进一步确定了部分邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的种类，并测定得到邻苯二甲酸酯类和乐果的浓度分别为38.4 μg/L和143.3 μg/L。初步生态风险评价结果表明，邻苯二甲酸酯类物质和乐果对河水生态系统呈现较高风险特性。
Abstract: The water near a river estuary along the Southern Yellow Sea coast is taken as a typical target water body, and a qualitative and quantitative method for screening organic pollutants with different polarities in water is established. A solid phase extraction method using a C18 column and a HLB column connected in series under different acid-base conditions was used to extract organic pol-lutants with different polarities from water samples. The compounds in the sample were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in full scan mode. In the case of removing the influence coming from background, the mass spectrums of the main 30 compounds were retrieved in the NIST11 library. With the artificial spectrum analysis and the polarities, 10 compounds could be identified directly, including dimethoate and its two degradation products, two fatty acids and their corresponding methyl esters, ethyl phthalate, and cedar alcohol. The types of phthalic acid esters were further identified by determining the standard samples. The concentrations of phthalic acid esters and dimethoate were 38.4 μg/L and 143.3 μg/L, respectively. The preliminary ecological risk assessment results showed that phthalic acid esters and dimethoate had more risk for the aquatic ecosystem.
文章引用：赵恒. 南黄海沿岸某入海河流水体有机污染调查方法研究[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2020, 10(3): 313-324. https://doi.org/10.12677/AEP.2020.103036

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