不同肥源对玉米籽粒硒和镉含量的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizer Sources on Selenium and Cadmium Content in Corn Grain

摘要: 研究不同肥源对玉米籽粒硒和镉含量的影响，为高硒低镉玉米生产的合理施肥提供科学指导。在施用农家肥、有机无机肥、复合肥和硒肥的处理下发现，单独施用化肥对玉米籽粒硒含量没有显著影响(P > 0.05)，但会不同程度地引起镉含量升高，特别是使用农家肥时，镉含量会显著升高(P < 0.01)。叶面喷施硒肥可以显著地提高玉米籽粒硒含量(P < 0.01)，同时还会降低玉米籽粒的镉含量。不同浓度的硒肥处理表明，所有玉米籽粒硒含量均达到了富硒食品的要求。当硒肥浓度为0.2、0.4和0.6 g/L时，玉米籽粒镉含量随硒含量升高而降低，而在0.8和1 g/L时，镉会随硒含量升高而显著升高。研究结果表明，叶面喷施硒肥可以作为生产富硒玉米的优先措施，同时也应合理选择化肥种类和叶面喷施硒肥的浓度以控制玉米籽粒的镉含量。

Abstract: The effects of different fertilizer sources on selenium and cadmium content in corn grain were studied to provide scientific guidance for rational fertilization in maize production with high sele-nium and low cadmium. Under the treatment of farm manure, organic and inorganic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and selenium fertilizer, it was found that chemical fertilizer alone had no sig-nificant effect on selenium content of corn grain (P > 0.05), but it could cause cadmium content in-crease to different degrees, especially when using farm manure, cadmium content would increase significantly (P < 0.01). Foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer can significantly increase the selenium content of corn grain (P < 0.01), and also reduce the cadmium content of corn grain. Under different concentrations of selenium fertilizer, the selenium content of all corn grains reached the requirement of selenium enrichment. When the concentration of selenium fertilizer was 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/L, the cadmium content in corn grain decreased with the increase of selenium content, while at 0.8 and 1 g/L, the cadmium content increased significantly with the increase of selenium content. The results showed that foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer could be the preferred method to produce selenium enriched maize, additionally, fertilizer types and concentration of selenium fertilizer should be selected rationally to control the cadmium content of corn grain.