土壤盐分遥感反演研究进展

Progresses in Remote Sensing of Soil Salinization

摘要: 在气候变化和人类活动的双重影响下，土壤盐渍化已经成为土壤退化的主要形式，在人口增长的未来情势下，其严重威胁全球粮食安全。追溯土壤盐渍化发展历史、监测土壤盐渍化现状，对于研究土壤盐渍化驱动机制、提出土壤质量改善措施、预测土壤盐渍化发展趋势具有重要意义。自上世纪70年代以来，在地面采样数据的支持下，卫星遥感技术为长时间序列土壤盐分分级制图、定量反演和动态监测提供了全新的手段。本文以可见光近红外遥感为主，兼顾热红外和微波遥感，重点介绍我国典型土壤盐渍化区域遥感土壤盐分的主要方法，提出遥感土壤盐分的发展方向。

Abstract: Under the dual influences from climate change and anthropogenic activities, soil salinization has been the major form of soil degradation, which might threaten food security in the projected future scenario of rapid population growth. There is an urgent need to track soil salinity dynamics and determine current soil salinity status, which are significant for investigating driving forces, design-ing soil improvement measures, and predicting future soil salinity distributions. Since the 1970 s, satellite remote sensing has provided a special opportunity for a long-term soil salinity classifica-tion, retrieval, and dynamic monitoring. From the perspective of visible and near-infrared, thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing, this study summarizes the main methods for mapping soil salinity in China, and shows the directions in remote sensing of soil salinity.