某重载型商用车动力舱气液联合热平衡仿真与优化

The Gas-Liquid Combining Heat Balance Simulation and Optimization on Engine Compartment of Heavy Duty Commercial Vehicle

摘要: 为改善某重载型商用车在中东市场夏季高温工况下发动机冷却水温偏高以及发动机舱整体热环境较差的现象，采用气液联合(即三维与一维耦合)热平衡仿真方法对发动机舱内部流场与温度场特征进行了仿真模拟，获取导致发动机水温过高的主要原因以及一维仿真所需的物理参数，输入一维仿真模型后计算得到极限工况下的许用环境温度，并通过与试验结果对比验证了仿真方法的准确性。综合发动机舱的布局和考虑开发成本，提出了在散热器两侧增加阻流板的改进方案，结果表明：增加阻流板可以有效减轻热回流现象，明显改善了发动机的散热环境。

Abstract: In order to improve the phenomenon of high temperature of engine cooling water and poor thermal environment of engine compartment of heavy duty commercial vehicle in the Middle East market, the characteristics of flow field and temperature field in engine compartment were simulated by gas-liquid combined (i.e., three-dimensional and one-dimensional coupling) heat balance simulation method. The main reasons for the excessive water temperature of the engine and the physical parameters required for one-dimensional simulation are obtained. The allowable ambient temperature under the limit condition is calculated after inputting the one-dimensional simulation model. The accuracy of the simulation method is verified by comparing with the test results. Considering the layout of the engine compartment and considering the development cost, the improvement scheme of adding baffle plates on both sides of the radiator is proposed. The results show that the heat reflux phenomenon can be effectively reduced by adding the baffle plate, and the cooling environment of the engine is obviously improved.