基于人因工程的A便利店空间与环境设计研究

Research on Space and Environment Design of A Convenience Store Based on Human Factor Engineering

摘要: 面对快节奏的生活，便利店凭借其消费场景的便利性，在社会消费品中一直占有一席之地，如何在保持原有优势便利性的基础上，以人的因素为基础来进行便利店的环境设计，增加消费者的购物频次，是现阶段的便利店发展的关键。本文以A便利店为研究对象，通过实地考察测量，发现了便利店中存在货架高度深度不符合人体适合的尺寸、店内局部区域的照度值不达标、店内的色彩搭配和色彩运用不完善、微气候环境和安全卫生工作不符合人因工程要求等问题，利用人体尺寸、空间尺度、照明强度标准、色彩对比理论、目视化管理等相关理论，把货架高度调整到了1800 mm，宽度调整到了400 mm，货架最底层离地面400 mm，通过更换照明工具使便利店的照明环境整体照度值提高，并且打造了不同的照明氛围，将白色货架白色商品标签改成了白色货架红橙黄等鲜艳的标签，改变了奶冰柜和便当货架的颜色，同时达到了延伸空间的既视感，微气候环境和安全卫生工作等也做了进一步优化，并且改善方案得到了好的反馈。通过研究得知，便利店的色彩设计、照明设计、微气候环境以及安全卫生等方面的不合理，可以通过人因工程的相关理论进行改善，从而提高便利店布局设计的人性化水平。

Abstract: In the face of the fast pace of life, a convenience store with the convenience of its consumer scene, has a place in the social consumer goods. How to keep the original advantages on the basis of convenience, based on the human factor for convenience store environment design to increase the consumer’s shopping frequency is the key to the development of the convenience store at the moment. A convenience store is taken by this paper as the research object, through field investigation and measurement, and the problems of human factor engineering in the convenience store are found, e.g., the height and depth of the shelves do not conform to the size suitable for human body, the illuminance value of local areas in the store is not up to standard, the color collocation and use of the store is not perfect, the micro environment climate and safety and health work are unreasonable. Human body size, spatial scale, lighting intensity standard, color contrast theory, visual management and other related theories are used to put forward the improvement plan. The height of the shelf is adjusted to 1800 mm, and the width is adjusted to 400 mm. At the same time, the bottom shelf is 400 mm from the ground, through the replacement of lighting tools to improve the overall illumination value of the lighting environment of the convenience store, and to create different lighting atmosphere. The white commodity label on the white shelf has been changed into bright labels, such as red, orange and yellow on the white shelf, the color of the milk freezer and the lunch shelf has been changed, and the visual sense of the extended space has been achieved at the same time. The micro-climate environment and safety and health work have also been further optimized. And the improvement plan has received good feedback. According to research, the irrationality of color design, lighting design, microclimate environment and safety and hygiene of convenience stores can be improved by the related theory of human factor engineering, so as to improve the humanization level of the layout design of convenience stores.