基于ISSR标记的稻李氏禾遗传多样性与入侵源、扩散途径的分析

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Intrusion Source, Diffusion Path of Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw by Using ISSR Markers

摘要: 稻李氏禾已成为东北稻区新的问题杂草。本文为揭示东北部分稻区稻李氏禾的迁入来源及内部扩散途径，利用ISSR分子标记技术和形态特征差异对来自江西南昌县、湖北荆州、黑龙江、吉林和延边稻区的24份稻李氏禾种质资源进行了遗传多样性和形态差异分析。试验用12条引物进行扩增，共扩增出122个ISSR条带，其中多态性条带113个，多态性百分率为92.62%，平均每条引物扩增出10.2个条带。遗传相似系数为0.3114~1.0000，说明不同稻李氏禾间存在较大差异。在遗传相似系数为0.90时，可分为三大类，既吉黑两省东部稻区稻李氏禾归一大类，南方稻区江西南昌县和湖北荆州各一类。在形态特征差异上，南方稻区采样的稻李氏禾与东北稻区稻李氏禾之间表现出极大差异性，两者属于不同生态型；而东北稻区内部不同地点采集的稻李氏禾之间表现出极大相似性，是属于相同生态型。

Abstract: Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw has become a new problem weed in northeast rice area. This paper aims to reveal the intrusion source and internal diffusion of Leersia oryzoides (L.) in parts of northeast rice area. The genetic diversity and morphological differences of 24 Leersia oryzoides (L.) Germplasm from Nanchang County in Jiangxi, Jingzhou in Hubei, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Yanbian were analyzed by ISSR molecular marker technique and morphological differences. 12 primers were selected, a total of 122 bands were amplified, including 113 polymorphic bands, the percentage of polymorphism was 92.62%, and an average of 10.2 bands were amplified for each primer. The genetic similarity coefficient is 0.3114~1.0000, which indicates that there is a big difference between different Leersia oryzoides (L.) varieties. When the genetic similarity coefficient is 0.90, it can be divided into three categories: Leersia oryzoides (L.) belonging to the same category in east rice area of Jilin province and Heilongjiang province, Leersia oryzoides (L.) from Nanchang County in Jiangxi and Jingzhou in Hubei belonging to the other two categories respectively. In terms of morphological characteristics, there was a great difference between the Leersia oryzoides (L.) sampling in southern paddy and the rice sampling in northeastern paddy. They belong to different ecotypes, but the Leersia oryzoides (L.) showed great similarity sampling in different places in the northeast paddy; it’s the same ecotype.