小口径低钢级管道穿越逆冲走滑断层研究

Study on Small Diameter and Low Steel Grade Pipeline Crossing Strike-Slip and Thrust Fault

摘要: 逆冲走滑断层同时具有逆冲断层和走滑断层的特点，对穿越断层管道的破坏作用较大。小口径一般壁厚较薄，钢级较低，对断层相对滑动位移的抵抗能力较低，因此考虑从几何模型和管道敷设方式两个方面对小口径低钢级管道穿越逆冲断层进行设计优化。采用有限元模型，建立管土相互作用模型，在穿越断层管道两侧分别设置多个补偿装置，同时降低管沟断面坡度，采用松散的沙土对管道进行回填等措施，可以有效降低断层位移对管道的影响，保障油气管道的安全运营。本文还介绍了穿越断层管道的应力监测装置，在管道运行过程中可适时检测断层作用下的管道应力水平，可为运营提供检测数据和应急响应依据。

Abstract: The strike-slip and thrust fault has the characteristics of both thrust fault and strike-slip fault. It can destroy the pipeline crossing the fault. The small diameter pipeline with low steel grade and thin wall thickness cannot resist the influence of the fault, so geometry crossing model and pipe-line laying method should be designed and optimized to make the pipeline crossing fault safely. The finite element model can be built to simulate the interaction of both soil and pipe, and the compensation devices can be set on both sides of the crossing location to optimize the crossing method through calculation. In addition, decreasing the slope of the pipeline trench and using loose sand as back filling material can be adopted to reduce the influence of the fault. Those measures are taken to keep the pipeline safer. The stress monitoring device for the pipeline crossing fault is also introduced, and this device can be used for monitoring the stress level of pipeline under the condition of fault movement immediately. The collecting data can be used for analysing the pipeline stress to decide whether measures can be taken for emergency response.