ERAS理念在高原地区结核性脓胸患者护理应用中的效果评价

Evaluation of the Effect of ERAS in the Nursing of Patients with Tuberculous Empyema at High Altitude

摘要: 目的：评估ERAS理念在高原地区结核性脓胸患者护理应用中的效果。方法：将我院2018年10月至2020年3月诊治的216例高原地区结核性脓胸患者参照随机数字表法分成对照组和ERAS组，每组各108例，所有患者入院后均予以手术治疗，对照组进行常规护理，ERAS组在术前、术中和术后护理中融合ERAS理念进行护理，对比两组手术资料、护理效果、术后一般资料和对护理方式满意度的差异。结果：对照组和ERAS组在脓胸最大直径、手术时间、切口大小和术中失血量等手术资料对比无统计学差异(P > 0.05)；ERAS组的护理效果总有效率(95.37%)高于对照组(81.48%)，有统计学差异(P < 0.05)；ERAS组的胸管留置时间、术后胸管引流量和术后住院时间均显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)；ERAS组患者对护理方式的总满意度(94.44%)高于对照组(86.11%)，组间对比有显著差异(P < 0.05)。结论：ERAS理念在高原地区结核性脓胸患者护理过程中的应用能够显著改善患者病情，对术后康复有促进作用，明显提升患者对护理方式的满意度，值得大力推广。

Abstract: Objective: Evaluate the effects of ERAS in the nursing application of high altitude tuberculous empyema patients. Methods: The 216 high altitude patients with tuberculous empyema diagnosed and treated in our hospital from October 2018 to March 2020 were divided into the control group and the ERAS group according to the random number table, with 108 cases in each group. All patients received surgical treatment after admission, the control group received routine care, and the ERAS group received nursing care with ERAS in preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative care. The differences in surgical data, nursing effect, postoperative general data and satisfaction with nursing style between the two groups were compared. Results: There were no significant differences between the control group and ERAS group in the operative data such as the maximum diameter of empyema, operation time, incision size and intraoperative blood loss (P > 0.05). The total effective rate of nursing effect in the ERAS group (95.37%) was higher than that of the control group (81.48%), which was statistically different (P < 0.05). The chest tube indwelling time, postoperative chest tube drainage and postoperative hospital stay in the ERAS group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The total satisfaction of patients in the ERAS group with care methods (94.44%) was higher than that of the control group (86.11%), and there was a significant difference in the comparison between the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of the ERAS in the nursing process of high altitude patients with tuberculous empyema can significantly improve the patient’s condition, promote postoperative rehabilitation, and significantly improve patients’ satisfaction with the nursing method, which is worthy of vigorous promotion.