疫情下封闭管理的某高校在校医学生日常行为对心理健康的影响

Close Management of Medical Students’ Daily Behaviors and Mental Health under the Epidemic

摘要: 目的：调查新冠肺炎疫情下封闭管理医学生心理健康状况，研究分析其心理健康状况的影响因素，为高校心理教育及干预提供一定的借鉴。方法：使用一般情况调查表、抑郁–焦虑–压力自评量表(DASS-21)、自制在校日常活动调查表对连云港市某医学院校2685名学生网上问卷调查。结果：抑郁检出率为34.65%、焦虑检出率为46.72%、压力检出率为19.57%，其中护理专业抑郁、焦虑等情绪均高于其他专业。每周锻炼次数、每周与家人联系的次数、使用手机娱乐时间、是否参加疫情期间举办的活动、了解疫情相关的频率、每天饮食是否规律、每天的作息是否规律、戴口罩的频率等都具有统计学意义(P值 < 0.05)。有序多分类logistic回归分析结果表明，饮食规律(OR: 0.21, 95%CI: 0.10~0.44)、经常戴口罩(OR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.42~0.69)的学生不容易感到抑郁。使用手机娱乐时间2小时以下(OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.41~0.92)、作息规律(OR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.31~0.59)的学生更不容易感到焦虑。疫情期间有感冒发烧等症状或校外求医的学生焦虑症状的风险是没有疫情期间有感冒发烧等症状或校外求医的学生1.76倍。每天自主学习时间2至4小时的学生(OR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.47~0.98)压力较小。没有寻求过心理咨询帮助的学生的压力症状的风险是寻求过心理咨询帮助的学生的3.94倍。结论：疫情封闭管理在校医学生心理健康状况不容乐观，高校及相关部门、心理健康工作者等需要采取积极的措施进行干预和疏导，高校应加强疫情防控卫生管理，加强对医学生的心理健康管理与对新冠肺炎的认知宣传，医学生自身应当加强自我调节能力。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the mental health of medical students under closed management under COVID-19, to study and analyze the influencing factors of their mental health, and to provide a certain reference for psychological education and intervention in colleges and universities. Methods: The general situation questionnaire, the depression-anxiety-stress self-rating scale (DASS-21), and the self-made school daily activity questionnaire were used to conduct an online questionnaire survey of 2685 students in Lianyungang Medical College. Results: The rate of depression was 34.65%, the rate of anxiety was 46.72%, and the rate of stress was 19.57%. Among them, depression and anxiety in nursing majors were higher than those in other majors. There is statistical significance in the frequency of exercises per week, numbers of contacts with family members per week, use of mobile phones for entertainment, whether to participate in activities during the epidemic, the frequency of obtaining news about the epidemic, whether the daily diet is regular, whether the daily routine is regular, the frequency of wearing masks, etc. (academic significance (P-value < 0.05)). The results of ordered multi-category logistic regression analysis showed that students who ate regularly (OR: 0.21, 95%CI: 0.10 to 0.44) and often wore masks (OR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.42 to 0.69) were not easy to get depressed. Students who used mobile phones for entertainment for less than 2 hours (OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.41 to 0.92) and had a regular schedule (OR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.31 to 0.59) were less likely to feel anxious. During the epidemic, students who had symptoms such as colds and fever or who sought medical attention outside the school were 1.76 times more likely to have anxiety symptoms than non-epidemic. Students who study independently for 2 to 4 hours a day (OR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.47 to 0.98) are less stressed. The risk of stress symptoms among students who have not sought psychological counseling is 3.94 times that of students who have sought psychological counseling. Conclusion: The mental health status of medical students in closed management under the epidemic situation is not optimistic. Colleges and universities, related departments, mental health workers, etc. need to take active intervention and education. Colleges and universities should strengthen the management of epidemic prevention and control, and strengthen the mental health management of medical students. In addition to the awareness and propaganda of COVID-19, medical students themselves should strengthen their self-regulation ability.