葡萄与蛇葡萄多酚的研究进展与结构相关性

Research Advance and Structural Correlation of Phenolics from Grape and Ampelopsis

摘要: 本文旨在总结葡萄与蛇葡萄两种植物中存在的多酚，并分析其结构相关性。通过总结2010年至今的文献，发现存在于葡萄或蛇葡萄植物中的多酚共有39种，如白藜芦醇、反-ε-葡萄素、蛇葡萄素、杨梅素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷、(+)-花旗松素、3,5,7-三羟基色原酮、儿茶素、表儿茶素-3-O-没食子酸酯、原花青素、咖啡酸、对–香豆酸、没食子酸甲酯。结构相关性分析表明：这些多酚可归为茋及低聚茋、色原酮与黄酮、儿茶素与花青素、酚酸及其酯四大类；而且，低聚茋可由茋类聚合而成的，黄酮则可由色原酮转化而得，花青素则可由儿茶素聚合而得。这些结构相关性进一步提示：每一大类的多酚之间，可能存在生物转化关系；且葡萄与蛇葡萄存在一定的亲缘关系。

Abstract: This study aims to summarize the phenolics in grape and Ampelopsis grossedentata, and then to analyze the structural correlation between two plants and between these phenolics. Through a literature search from 2010, it is found that there are 39 phenolics in grape or Ampelopsis plants, mainly including resveratrol, trans-ε-viniferin, ampelopsin A, myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside, (+) taxifolin, 3,5,7-trihydroxychromone, catechin, epicatechin-3-O-gallate, proanthocyanidin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and methyl gallate. The structural correlation analysis showed that these phenolics could be classified into four types: stilbene and oligostilbene type, chromogen and flavonoid type, catechin and anthocyanin type, and phenolic acid and its ester type. Further analysis indicated that, the oligostilbenes can be polymerized from stilbenes; and flavonoids can be transformed from chromogen; while catechins can be polymerized into anthocyanins. These structural correlations further suggest that: 1) there may be a bio-conversion relationship between two subtypes in the same phenolic type; 2) And there is a certain genetic relationship between grape plant and Ampelopsis plant.