贵阳地区近40年近地空间逆温层特征及成因初探

Characteristics and Causes of Low-Level Temperature Inversion Layer in Guiyang in the Past 40 Years

摘要: 本文利用1980~2019年探空数据对贵阳地区近地空间近40年逆温层特征进行了统计分析并初步探讨了其成因，研究表明：贵阳地区逆温现象发生频率为66%，主要以悬浮逆温为主，占比超过了85%；悬浮逆温发生时次存在着三次明显的突变时刻，1980~1990年代呈上升趋势，1990年至2000年代呈下降趋势，2000年中期以后又呈上升趋势，贴地逆温发生时次则整体呈下降态势；冬春季逆温现象发生频率高于夏秋季，其中秋冬季发生时次整体处于上升趋势，而春夏季则明显呈下降趋势；贴地逆温存在着2~年及4~8年的周期性变化特征，在2010年之前较为显著，悬浮逆温同样存在着2年左右及4~8年的年际变化周期，并在2010年之前较为显著，另外还存在着8~16年的年代际变化周期；贴地逆温层平均厚度比悬浮逆温小，但平均逆温强度则比悬浮逆温大，贴地逆温的厚度、强度以及顶高均呈下降趋势，悬浮逆温厚度下降强度却有所上升，底高上升顶高却处于下降趋势；贵阳地区近地空间逆温层的成因主要源于辐射逆温和准静止锋锋面逆温，辐射逆温多导致贴地逆温，而准静止锋锋面逆温多导致悬浮逆温。

Abstract: This paper uses the sounding data from 1980~2019 to analyze the characteristics of the inversion layer in Guiyang in the past 40 years and preliminarily discusses the causes. The study shows that the frequency of temperature inversion in Guiyang is 66%, temperature inversion above surface has the largest proportion, which is more than 85%. There are three obvious mutations when the temperature inversion above surface occurs, 1980~1990 s on an upward trend, 1990~2000 s on a downward trend, after mid-2000s the upward trend back again, meanwhile, when the temperature inversion from surface occurs, it has a downward trend in the whole time. The frequency of temperature inversion in winter and spring is higher than that in summer and autumn, meanwhile, in winter and autumn, the inversion timeshasan upward trend, and the spring and summer showed a significant downward trend. Due to the temperature inversion from surface, there are periodic change characteristics of 2~4 years and 4~8 years, most significant in time before 2010, while temperature inversion above surface also has an inter-year change cycle of about 2 years and 4~8 years, and they were more significant before 2010 yet, in addition, there is an 8~16 year Interera change cycle. The average thickness of the temperature inversion layer from surface is smaller than the temperature inversion above surface, however, the average intensity of temperature inversion from surface is greater than that of the temperature inversion above surface, the thickness, intensity and top height of the temperature inversion from surface all show a downward trend, the intensity of the temperature inversion above surface has increased while the thickness has decreased, the bottom height has increased but the top height has decreased. The causes of low-level inversion layer in Guiyang mainly originate from radiation inversion and quasistationary front inversion, the radiation inversion mostly leads to temperature inversion from surface, and the quasistatic front inversion mostly leads to temperature inversion above surface.