城乡居民医疗保险如何影响农村老年人的身心健康？——基于CLHLS 2018数据的验证

How Does Medical Insurance for Urban and Rural Residents Affect the Physical and Mental Health of the Rural Elderly?—Validation Based on CLHLS 2018 Data

摘要: 农村地区老年人比例高，农村医疗资源短缺，老年人的健康问题一直受到社会各界的广泛关注。本文通过使用中国老年健康影响跟踪调查(CLHLS)数据，运用OLS回归模型，并通过内生性分析和稳健性检验，实证分析了城乡居民医疗保险制度对农村老年人身心健康的影响。研究发现，城乡居民医疗保险对农村老年人的身体健康有正向的调节作用，但对老年人的心理健康没有显著影响，同时研究中发现老年人的一些个人特征和生活习惯变量对身心健康也会产生显著影响。最后据此结论提出优化城乡医保制度稳定发展的政策建议。

Abstract: The proportion of the elderly in rural areas is high, rural medical resources are short; the health problems of the elderly have been widely concerned by all walks of life. Based on the data from the China Health Impact Survey on Aging (CLHLS), this paper empirically analyzed the effects of the medical insurance system for urban and rural residents on the physical and mental health of the rural elderly by using OLS regression model and endogeneity analysis and robustness test. The study found that the medical insurance of urban and rural residents had a positive regulating effect on the physical health of the rural elderly, but had no significant effect on the mental health of the elderly. At the same time, the study found that some personal characteristics and lifestyle variables of the elderly also had a significant impact on the physical and mental health. Finally, according to the conclusion, the paper puts forward policy suggestions to optimize the stable development of urban and rural medical insurance system.