触觉图形外观属性对其辨别影响的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Influence of Appearance Attributes of Tactile Graphics on Their Discrimination

摘要: 本研究设计了3个系列实验，以20名盲人大学生和20名健全大学生为研究被试，分别考察图形形状、图形肌理、图形大小等三个触觉图形外观属性因素对两组大学生触觉图形辨别的正确率和反应时的影响。研究结果发现：1) 相同的实验条件下，盲人大学生对触觉图形辨别的反应时、正确率显著优于健全大学生，即盲人大学生对触觉图形的辨别可以做到更快更准。2) 不同图形的辨别难度存在差异，对盲生而言平行四边形、梯形、心形的辨识难度较大，对健全生而言，长方形、正方形、平行四边形、梯形之间容易混淆，错误率高。3) 不同图形肌理的触觉图形的辨识难度存在显著差异，不论对盲生或健全生，实心图的辨别反应时最短，其次是空心图，最后是纹理图。4) 不同大小的触觉图形的辨识难度也存在显著差异，大图的辨别反应时最短，其次是小图，最后是中图。

Abstract: Three series of experiments were designed in this study to investigate the influence of figure shape, figure texture and figure size on the correct rate and reaction time of tactile figure dis-crimination. Twenty blind college students and 20 healthy college students were selected as sub-jects. The results show that: 1) Under the same experimental conditions, the correct rate and reaction time of blind college students is significantly better than that of healthy college students, blind college students can identify tactile patterns faster and more accurately. 2) There are dif-ferences in the difficulty of distinguishing different figures. For blind students, parallelogram, trapezoid and heart shape are more difficult to distinguish. For healthy students, rectangle, square, parallelogram and trapezoid are easy to confuse and have a high error rate. 3) There are significant differences in the recognition difficulty of tactile graphics with different texture. Whether for blind students or healthy students, the recognition response time of solid images is the shortest, followed by hollow images, and finally texture images. 4) There are also significant differences in the recognition difficulty of tactile graphics of different sizes. The recognition reaction time of large graphics is the shortest, followed by small graphics, and finally the middle graphics.