零工经济下感知算法控制对工作投入影响研究

Research on the Impact of Perception of Algorithm Control on Work Engagement in the Gig Economy

摘要: 数智时代为零工经济注入新定义，许多平台通过算法创造一个通过自动管理和强制机制整合供需的空间。崭新的商业模式为劳动力的就业发展带来了巨大的改变的同时，学者们对于这种主要依靠技术手段进行管理对零工工作者带来何种影响的课题产生了巨大的关注。通过阅读和整理大量参考文献，本研究对文章中提及的变量均有了一定的了解。在对变量间逻辑关系进行梳理后提出假设，构建了本文基本模型；在问卷调查表的设计中，参考国内外成熟量表，对各个变量的测量维度进行细化整理，然后进行问卷调查的发放。最后在实证研究中，逐个验证在前文提出的假设并针对结论进行总结和建议。实证研究的结果表明，零工工作者感知算法控制与其工作投入呈显著的正相关，并且内外在动机的链式中介效应得到支持。此外，随着AI信任的水平不断增强，感知控制能力能够更容易通过内外在动机实现工作投入程度的提升。

Abstract: The digital age has injected new blood into the gig economy. Many platforms use algorithms to cre-ate a space to integrate supply and demand through automated management and enforcement mechanisms. While the new business model has brought great changes to employment development, scholars have paid great attention to the subject of how the management mainly relying on technical means will affect gig workers. Based on the self-determination theory, this paper introduces intrinsic and extrinsic work motivation as mediators and the degree of trust in AI as moder-ating variables to explore the influence of gig workers’ perceptual algorithm control on their job engagement. The new definition of the gig economy has been understood by reading many references. This article also sorts out related literature on algorithmic control, working motivation, AI technology trust, and work engagement. It also makes a hypothesis on the relationship between variables and constructs the basic model of this paper. Secondly, in the design of the questionnaire, the measurement dimensions of each variable are refined and organized after referencing mature domestic and international scales. Finally, the hypotheses proposed in the previous paper are verified one by one in the empirical study, and some suggestions are also put for enterprise and future studies. A significant positive correlation between gig workers’ ability to perceived algorithmic control and the level of job engagement is shown in the empirical study, and the serial mediating effect of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation is supported. Furthermore, as the level of AI trust continues to increase, the ability to percept control capabilities can more easily achieve increased work engagement through internal and external motivation.