留守儿童心理健康问题的争论及网络心理咨询的适用性

Debate on Mental Health Problems in Left-Behind Children and the Applicability of Online Psychological Counseling

摘要: 留守儿童的心理健康状况一直存在争论，不同研究的结果不尽相同。通过对相关文献的梳理发现，研究的方法、地区和时间都影响着最终的结论，而留守经历给儿童的心理健康带来的影响是双重的：一方面给留守儿童的心理健康带来消极影响，另一方面又让留守儿童更加独立、形成优良品质，应以动态的眼光看待留守经历的影响。针对有留守经历的儿童心理健康问题所提供的心理服务，其根本目的是引导儿童减少留守经历带来的消极影响，增强积极影响。在服务中应正视留守儿童群体内部分化，重视心理问题个体性。在留守儿童心理健康服务体系中，网络心理咨询依托于其自身的特点，既可以适应留守儿童的现实情况又可以兼顾留守儿童心理健康问题的个体性，显示出巨大的优势。

Abstract: The mental health of left-behind children has been debated, with different studies showing mixed results. Through the combing of relevant literature, it is found that the method, region and time of the study all affect the final conclusion. And the impact of left-behind experience on children’s mental health is twofold: on the one hand, it has a negative impact on the mental health of left-behind children. On the other hand, it makes left-behind children more independent and forms good qualities. The impact of the experience of being left behind should be viewed in a dynamic light. The fundamental purpose of psychological services for the mental health problems of children with left-behind experiences is to guide children to reduce the negative impact of left-behind experiences and enhance their positive impact. In the course of services, the division within the group of left-behind children should be squarely facilitated, and attention should be paid to the individuality of psychological problems. In the left-behind children’s mental health service system, online psychological counseling relies on its own characteristics showing great advantages, which can not only adapt to the reality of left-behind children, but also take into account the individuality of left-behind children’s mental health problems.