具身认知视角下软硬触觉经验对人际信任的影响

The Influence of Soft and Hard Tactile Experience on Interpersonal Trust from the Perspective of Embodied Cognition

摘要: 目的：目前已有的研究显示，人与人之间的信任会受具身因素如温度的影响，但尚未有研究探讨软硬触觉的影响是否在信任判断中有所体现。因此，本研究探究人际信任的具身触觉效应。方法：本研究采用实验法，实验一通过捏软硬程度不同的球启动被试的软硬身体感受，在信任博弈任务中考察被试的信任水平。实验二通过发散思维测试启动被试的软硬语义认知，并在信任博弈任务中考察被试的信任水平。结果：实验一结果表明，软硬感受的主效应显著，具有软触觉体验的个体人际信任水平显著高于具有硬触觉体验的个体；实验二结果表明，软硬语义的主效应显著，硬语义启动的个体人际信任水平显著高于软语义启动的个体。结论：软硬触觉的身体感受和隐喻语义均会对个人的人际信任产生影响；软硬触觉的身体感受和隐喻语对信任的影响方向不同。

Abstract: Objective: Existing studies have shown that trust between people is affected by physical factors such as temperature, but no study has explored whether the influence of soft and hard touch is reflected in trust judgment. Therefore, this study explores the embodied tactile effect of interpersonal trust. Methods: This study adopted experimental method. In Experiment 1, participants’ physical feelings of hard and soft were activated by pinching balls with different degrees of hard and soft, and their trust level was investigated in the trust game task. In Experiment 2, divergent thinking test was used to activate participants’ semantic cognition and trust level was investigated in the trust game task. Results: The results of Experiment 1 showed that the main effect of soft touch was significant. The interpersonal trust level of individuals with soft touch experience was significantly higher than that of individuals with hard touch experience. The results of Experiment 2 showed that the main effect of hard and soft semantic priming was significant. The interpersonal trust level of hard semantic priming individuals was significantly higher than that of soft semantic priming individuals. Conclusions: Both physical perception and metaphorical meaning of soft and hard touch affect interpersonal trust; the physical perception of soft and hard touch and metaphorical language have different effects on trust.