基于无锡冷冻胚胎案探索其处置问题

Exploring the Disposal Issues Based on the Wuxi Frozen Embryo Case

摘要: 冷冻胚胎在改善人类生育问题的同时也带来了新的关于法律、伦理的问题。尤其是冷冻胚胎的数量在快速增长，给医疗机构带来极大的储存压力。本文以江苏无锡冷冻胚胎案为切入点，引入域外关于冷冻胚胎的法律定位的三个学说即法律主体说、客观存在的民法中的物体说、介于物与主体之间的中间说，并在此基础上探索冷冻胚胎的处置问题。讨论关于冷冻胚胎处置的三个原则即夫妻双方合意原则、严格依据事先签订的合同原则、保护胚胎利益最大化原则，并辅之以相关案例进行分析、探讨。以期对有关冷冻胚胎的处置问题作出一些回应。

Abstract: Frozen embryos have brought new legal and ethical issues while improving human fertility issues. In particular, the number of frozen embryos is increasing rapidly, bringing great storage pressure to medical institutions. Based on the case of frozen embryos in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, this article introduces three theories on the legal positioning of frozen embryos abroad, namely, the legal subject theory, the objective object theory in civil law, and the intermediate theory between the object and the subject. On this basis, it explores the disposal of frozen embryos. Discuss the three principles for the disposal of frozen embryos, namely, the principle of mutual consent between husband and wife, the principle of strict compliance with a contract signed in advance, and the principle of maximizing the benefits of protecting embryos, supplemented by relevant cases for analysis and discussion, with a view to providing some responses to the disposal of frozen embryos.