论购置款抵押权的法律适用

On the Legal Application of Purchase Money Mortgage

摘要: 在域外立法与国内实际市场需求的情况上，我国《民法典》第416条规定了购置款抵押权。这段话清晰地描述出了购置款抵押权的构成要件，内容包含了债权人的购置款抵押权以及贷款者的购置款抵押权，购置款抵押权和浮动抵押权有很大区别，尽管都是以看不着的未来的财产进行担保抵押，但二者的抵押财产主体以及范围不同。由于《民法典》对该制度描述的极少，在社会实践生活中，中小企业和庞大的消费者不能在担保物上设立浮动抵押时，该条文就具有极大的适用潜力，研究价值会不可估量，由此本文来探究购置款抵押权的基本理论、与浮动抵押和固定抵押的异同、购置款抵押权现在的法律缺失等，以及担保物和担保债权的内在对应关系这些问题，以此来研究购置款抵押权的理论体系与社会价值。

Abstract: In the context of extraterritorial legislation and actual domestic market demand, Article 416 of China’s Civil Code provides for the acquisition mortgage. This paragraph clearly describes the constituent elements of an acquisition mortgage, including the acquisition mortgage of a creditor and the acquisition mortgage of a lender. There are significant differences between an acquisition mortgage and a floating mortgage. Although both are secured by intangible future property, the subject and scope of the mortgage property are different. Due to the fact that the Civil Code rarely describes this system, in social practice, when small and medium-sized enterprises and large consumers cannot establish floating charges on collateral, this provision has great potential for application and research value will be immeasurable. Therefore, this article will explore the basic theory of acquisition mortgage, similarities and differences with floating and fixed charges, and the current legal deficiencies of acquisition mortgage, And the inherent correspondence between the collateral and the secured creditor’s rights, in order to study the theoretical system and social value of acquisition mortgage.