政府数据共享与公民信息权利：矛盾、困境与出路

Government Data Sharing & Citizen’s Data Right: Contradictory, Delima and Solution

摘要: 信息权利作为日益为公民重视的法定权利之一，其知情同意权、处理自决权、反对权等权能表现，在数字政府建设过程中，同政府数据共享的开展实际产生冲突。在共享数据取得、流转、处理的不同阶段，公民信息权利均同当前的政府数据共享行为现状存在矛盾。同时，当前政府数据共享的机制欠缺、规范零散、技术滞后，前述矛盾在一定时间内仍将持续存在。因此，应当正确认识政府数据共享与公民信息权利冲突过程的领域交叉性，结合行政规范视角与公民信息权利保护视角，将体现行政法基本原则的数据共享专门规范体系与综合、全面、稳定的全域数据处理与安全技术体系结合，实现政府数据共享效率与公民信息权利保护之平衡。

Abstract: As one of the legal rights increasingly valued by citizens, the data rights, including the right to in-formed consent, the right to self-determination, and the right to object, are in conflict with the actual implementation of government data sharing in the process of digital government construction. In the different stages of data acquisition, flow and handling, citizens’ data rights are in conflict with the current government data sharing practices. At the same time, the aforementioned conflicts will continue to exist for a certain period of time due to the lack of mechanisms, fragmented norms, and lagging technology in government data sharing. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly understand the intersection of government data sharing and the conflict process of citizens’ data rights, combine the perspectives of administrative norms and citizens’ data rights protection, and combine the special normative system of data sharing reflecting the basic principles of administrative law with the comprehensive, comprehensive, and stable territory-wide data processing and security technology system to achieve a balance between the efficiency of government data sharing and the protection of citizens’ information rights.