深圳市护理实习生道德困扰、职业倦怠现状及相关性分析

Current Situation and Correlation Analysis of Moral Distress and Job Burnout of Nursing Interns in Shenzhen

摘要: 目的：了解深圳市护理实习生道德困扰、职业倦怠现状，探究其相关性。方法：用便利抽样法选取深圳4所市属公立医院299名实习护生为研究对象，采用一般资料问卷、中文版护士道德困扰量表、护士职业倦怠问卷进行调查。结果：实习护生的道德困境得分为27.89 ± 28.62，职业倦怠得分为47.69 ± 22.36。在职业倦怠得分上，不同学历(F = 12.916, P < 0.001)、不同年龄段(F = 8.170, P < 0.001)的护理实习生之间具有统计学差异。是否选择护理为继续就业及进修意愿的护理实习生的道德困扰(t = 3.109, P = 0.002)、职业倦怠(t = 5.398, P < 0.001)得分有统计学差异；道德困扰与职业倦怠相关系数r = 0.287 (P < 0.001)。结论：深圳市护理实习生普遍存在道德困扰及职业倦怠，两者之间相互影响。建议实习护生管理者、教育者能重视这一现象并帮助实习护生降低道德困扰及职业倦怠。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the status quo of moral distress and job burnout of nursing interns in Shenzhen, and explore their correlation. Methods: A total of 299 nursing interns from 4 municipal public hospitals in Shenzhen were selected as research objects by convenience sampling method. General data questionnaire, Chinese version of nurses’ moral Distress Scale and nurses’ job burnout questionnaire were used to investigate. Results: The scores of moral distress and job burnout were 27.89 ± 28.62 and 47.69 ± 22.36 respectively. There were statistically significant differences in job burnout scores among interns with different educational background (F = 12.916, P = 0.000), different age groups (F = 8.170, P = 0.000). There were significant differences in the scores of moral dilemmas (t = 3.109, P = 0.002) and job burnout (t = 5.398, P = 0.000) between the interns who chose nurses as the direction of continuing employment and further study and those who did not. The correlation coefficient between moral distress and job burnout r = 0.287 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Moral distress and job burnout are common among nursing interns in Shenzhen. It is recommended that the managers and educators of nursing interns can pay more attention to this phenomenon and help them reduce moral distress and job burnout.