滇西地区甲状腺癌病理特征分析

Analysis of Pathological Features of Thyroid Carcinoma in the Western Yunnan

摘要: 目的：分析滇西地区甲状腺癌患者的发展特点及其病理特征，为甲状腺癌的预防和治疗策略提供依据。方法：回顾性分析2012~2021年大理大学第一附属医院收治的甲状腺癌患者的临床资料，用SPSS 25.0及Microsoft Excel 2007软件从患者民族、性别、年龄等方面分析甲状腺癌的病理特征。结果：通过对635例甲状腺癌患者的分析，甲状腺癌的发病率呈上升趋势；超过一半的患者通过体检查出肿块；男性患者有101例(汉族46例、白族40例、其他民族14例)，发病高峰为34~49岁，女性患者有534例(汉族248例、白族189例、其他民族98例)，发病高峰为42~49岁；乳头状癌是甲状腺癌最主要的病理类型。结论：在云南西部地区，甲状腺癌的发病率在过去十年中有所增加，其中甲状腺乳头状癌是最普遍的类型。中青年女性的发病率高于男性，不同种族间男性和女性甲状腺癌的发病率差异显著。但各民族病理类型分布无显著差异。

Abstract: Objective: This paper aims to provide insights on the development and pathology of thyroid cancer patients in western Yunnan, offering a foundation for thyroid cancer prevention and treatment. Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical data from thyroid cancer patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University between 2012 and 2021 was conducted. SPSS 25.0 and Mi-crosoft Excel 2007 were utilized to evaluate the pathology of thyroid cancer based on ethnicity, gender, and age. Results: The incidence of thyroid cancer is on the rise among 635 patients ana-lyzed, with more than half being diagnosed through physical examination. Of the 101 male patients, 46 were of Han ethnicity, 40 were Bai, and 14 were from other ethnic groups; with an onset peak of 34~49 years old. In contrast, 534 female patients comprised 248 Han, 189 Bai, and 98 from other ethnic groups, with an onset peak of 42~49 years old. The most common thyroid carcinoma pathol-ogy was papillary carcinoma. Conclusion: In the western Yunnan region, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased over the past decade, with papillary carcinoma being the most prevalent type. Middle-aged and young females demonstrated higher incidence compared to males, with significant differences in the incidence ratio of male and female thyroid cancer within different ethnic groups. However, the distribution of pathological types among the various ethnic groups showed no signifi-cant differences.