湖南洞口雪峰黑猪制种和开发利用

Production, Development and Utilization of Xuefeng Black Pig in Dongkou County, Hunan Province

摘要: 洞口雪峰黑猪是用黔邵花猪作母本，浦北黑猪为第一父本、杜洛克为第二父本制种的三品系猪。雪峰黑猪成年公猪体重165 kg，母猪体重159 kg。初产母猪产仔数9.62头，经产母猪产仔数10.98头、产活仔数10.62头，60日龄育成仔猪数10.23头，屠宰率75.90%，胴体瘦肉率51.84%，料肉比3.08:1，肥育猪日增重651.0 g，膘厚3.19 cm，眼肌面积27.58 cm²。雪峰黑猪猪肉谷氨酸含量达2.58%，高于杜•长 × 大猪肉的14.2%，雪峰黑猪精氨酸含量1.13%，高于杜•长 × 大的7.6%，赖氨酸含量1.24%，高于杜•长 × 大的8.8%，雪峰黑猪猪肉铁含量5.48 mg/kg，高于杜•长 × 大的5.85，雪峰黑猪pH值6.51，滴水损失2.58%，肌肉剪切力43.14 N，大理石花纹评分3.23分,肉色评分3.4分，肌内脂肪含量3.63%。结论：雪峰黑猪是一款营养丰富，风味好，肉脂兼用型好品种猪，其生产性能优于国内报道的培育品系的黑猪。并对我国地方猪种保种利用和优质猪肉开发利用做了有益的研究和探索。

Abstract: The Dongkou Xuefeng black pig is a three strain pig bred using Qianshaohua pig as the maternal parent, Pubei black pig as the first paternal parent, and Duroc as the second paternal parent. The adult male of Xuefeng Black Pig weighs 165 kg and the female weighs 159kg. First born sows have a litter size of 9.62, multiparous sows have a litter size of 10.98, and live piglets have a litter size of 10.62. At 60 days of age, there are 10.23 piglets, with a slaughter rate of 75.90%, a lean meat rate of 51.84%, and a feed-to-meat ratio of 3.08:1. Fattening pigs have a daily weight gain of 651.0 g, a fat thickness of 3.19 cm, and an eye muscle area of 27.58 cm². The glutamic acid content of Xuefeng black pig pork reaches 2.58%, higher than that of Du•Chang × 14.2% of large pork, 1.13% of argi-nine content in Xuefeng black pig, higher than Du•Chang × Large 7.6%, lysine content 1.24%, higher than Du•Chang × Large 8.8%, Xuefeng black pig meat has an iron content of 5.48 mg/kg, higher than Du•Chang × The larger one is 5.8%, with a pH value of 6.51, drip loss of 2.58%, muscle shear force of 43.14 N, marble score of 3.23, meat color score of 3.4, and intramuscular fat content of 3.63%. Conclusion: Xuefeng black pig is a nutritious, flavorful, and meat fat versatile breed of pig, with superior production performance compared to domestic reported breeding strains of black pigs. And beneficial research and exploration have been conducted on the conservation and utilization of local pig breeds and the development and utilization of high-quality pork in China.