几种小丑鱼的人工繁殖技术比较研究

Comparative Study on Artificial Breeding Techniques of Several Clownfish

摘要: 小丑鱼是具有较高观赏价值的海水观赏鱼品种，同时也是少数能够人工繁殖的海洋观赏鱼种类。本实验以眼斑双锯鱼(公子小丑鱼)、棘颊雀鲷(透红小丑鱼)与金透红小丑鱼为研究对象，比较了其在怀卵量、孵化率、出苗率、孵化时间、繁殖周期等方面的差异。研究表明：金透红小丑鱼怀卵量最大，为(2009.4 ± 284.8)个，眼斑双锯鱼最小，为(751.8 ± 116.4) d。棘颊雀鲷受精卵孵化率最高，为(48.2 ± 32.9)%，黑边公子小丑鱼 × 黑公子小丑鱼最低，为(11.00 ± 9.0)%。棘颊雀鲷出苗率最高，为(31.9 ± 31.4)%，黑边公子小丑鱼 × 黑公子小丑鱼最低，为(10.3 ± 8.5)%。棘颊雀鲷孵化时间最短，为(7.3 ± 0.4) d，黑边公子小丑鱼 × 黑公子小丑鱼最长，为(8.3 ± 1.2)%。金透红小丑鱼繁殖周期最长，为(22.5 ± 6.0) d，眼斑双锯鱼最短，为(12.6 ± 3.1) d。本研究结合日常管理对小丑鱼的亲鱼选择、营养强化、水质调控、受精卵孵化和幼苗培育等育苗工艺流程进行了总结，对小丑鱼人工繁育及养殖的发展具有一定的借鉴意义。

Abstract: Clownfish is a kind of marine ornamental fish with high ornamental value, and it is also one of the few marine ornamental fish species that can be artificially bred. This experiment took Amphiprion ocellaris, Premnas biaculeatus, and Premnas epigrammata as the research objects, and compared their differences in egg conception, hatching rate, seedling emergence rate, hatching time and breeding cycle. The results showed that the Premnas epigrammata had the largest number of eggs, which was (2009.4 ± 284.8), and the Amphiprion ocellaris had the minimum, which was (751.8 ± 116.4) d. The hatching rate of fertilized eggs of Premnas biaculeatus was the highest, which was (48.2 ± 32.9)%, and the black edged Amphiprion percula × Amphiprion ocellaris var was the lowest, which was (11.0 ± 9.0)%. The emergence rate of Premnas biaculeatus was the highest (31.9 ± 31.4)%, and the black edged Amphiprion percula × Amphiprion ocellaris var was the lowest, which was (10.3 ± 8.5)%. The incubation time of Premnas biaculeatus was the shortest, which was (7.3 ± 0.4) d, and the black edged Amphiprion percula × Amphiprion ocellaris var was the longest, which was (8.3 ± 1.2)%. The reproductive cycle of Premnas epigrammata was the longest, which was (22.5 ± 6.0) d, and that of Amphiprion ocellaris was the shortest, which was (12.6 ± 3.1) d. Combined with daily management, this study summarizes the seedling raising process of clownfish, such as parent selection, nutrition enhancement, water quality regulation, fertilized egg incubation and seedling cultivation, which has a certain reference significance for the development of artificial breeding and breeding of clownfish.