碳排放权交易政策对企业碳减排的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Carbon Emission Trading Policies on Corporate Carbon Emission Reduction

摘要: 改革开放以来，中国经济取得了巨大的发展成就。但是在经济发展过程中产生了一些不可忽视的环境问题，尤其是碳排放问题。对此，为了控制碳排放问题所带来的不利影响并按照预期实现我国的双碳目标，2011年10月，国家发布相关碳排放权交易通知，批准在五省两市启动碳交易地方试点，继而在2013、2014年陆续启动了地方碳排放权交易市场，开展碳排放权交易。本文通过双重差分法对碳排放权交易政策对企业降低二氧化碳排放量进行研究，发现我国碳排放权交易政策的政策效应明显，对企业碳排放有显著抑制作用。并且对处于不同行业竞争程度的企业进行异质性分析，发现碳排放权交易政策对于处于行业竞争弱的企业减排效果更强，为碳排放权政策研究提供了新的视角。虽然我国碳排放权政策的实施取得了一些成就，但是我国碳排放权交易市场起步晚，不成熟，依然有很大进步空间，因此，本文也相应给予了一些对策建议。

Abstract: Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has made great achievements in development. However, in the process of economic development, some environmental problems have arisen that cannot be ignored, especially the problem of carbon emissions. In this regard, in order to control the negative impacts of carbon emission problems and to achieve the country’s dual carbon target as expected, in October 2011, the state issued a notice on carbon emissions trading, approved the launch of local pilot carbon trading in five provinces and two cities, and then in 2013 and 2014 launched the local carbon emissions trading market one after another to carry out carbon emissions trading. This paper researches the carbon emissions trading policy on the enterprise to reduce carbon dioxide emissions through the double difference method, and finds that the policy effect of China’s carbon emissions trading policy is obvious, and it has a significant inhibition effect on the enterprise’s carbon emissions. And it analyzes the heterogeneity of enterprises in different degrees of industry competition, and finds that the carbon emissions trading policy has a stronger emission reduction effect for enterprises in weak industry competition, which provides a new perspective for the study of carbon emissions policy. Although the implementation of China’s carbon emission rights policy has made some achievements, China’s carbon emission rights trading market started late, and immature, there is still a lot of room for progress, so this paper also gives some countermeasure suggestions accordingly.