受限空间侧向双口泄爆对甲烷爆炸特性的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Lateral Dual-Venting on Methane Explosion Characteristics in Confined Spaces

摘要: 为了减小受限空间燃气泄漏爆炸带来的风险和损失，利用自主搭建的小尺寸实验平台，研究泄爆面积及位置对甲烷爆炸特性的影响。结果表明：火焰锋面到达舱室末端的时间随着泄爆口与点火源之间距离的增加而缩短；当泄爆口开设在舱室上游1、2位置时，随着泄爆口面积的增大，火焰锋面到达舱室末端的时间缩短，火焰传播速度降低至10.59 m/s，空间内最大爆炸压力持续升高，且超压峰值最小值出现在泄爆口尺寸40 mm × 40 mm处，为8.92 kPa；当泄爆口开设在舱室下游3、4位置时，随着泄爆口面积的增大，火焰锋面到达舱室末端的时间延长，最大火焰传播速度可达到24.39 m/s，空间内最大爆炸压力先降低后升高，且超压峰值最小值上升至12.6 kPa，出现在泄爆口尺寸60 mm × 60 mm处。若对受限空间侧壁采用双口泄爆，增加泄爆面积并不能使受限空间内的最大爆炸压力降低；泄爆位置距离点火源越近，泄爆效果越好。

Abstract: To reduce the risks and losses caused by gas leaks and explosions in confined spaces, a small-scale experimental platform was independently constructed to study the effects of the venting area and position on the characteristics of methane explosions. The results show that the time it takes for the flame front to reach the end of the compartment decreases as the distance between the vent and the ignition source increases. When the vent is positioned in positions 1 and 2 upstream of the compartment, as the vent area increases, the time it takes for the flame front to reach the end of the compartment shortens, the flame propagation speed decreases to 10.59 m/s, and the maximum explosion pressure in the space continues to rise. The minimum peak overpressure occurs at a vent size of 40 mm × 40 mm, which is 8.92 kPa. When the vent is positioned in positions 3 and 4 downstream of the compartment, as the vent area increases, the time it takes for the flame front to reach the end of the compartment lengthens, the maximum flame propagation speed can reach 24.39 m/s, and the maximum explosion pressure in the space first decreases then increases, with the minimum peak overpressure rising to 12.6 kPa at a vent size of 60 mm × 60 mm. If dual-venting is used on the side walls of the confined space, increasing the venting area does not reduce the maximum explosion pressure inside the confined space; the closer the vent position is to the ignition source, the better the venting effect.