禀赋异质性视角下的农户宅基地退出意愿影响因素研究

Study on the Influencing Factors of Rural Households’ Homestead with WithdrawalIntention from the Perspective of Endowment Heterogeneity

摘要: 随着城镇化的快速发展，农村宅基地的退出问题成为了研究的热点。本文从农户禀赋差异性的视角出发，探讨了农户个体禀赋、家庭禀赋、宅基地禀赋和政策禀赋差异对农户宅基地退出意愿的影响。通过问卷调查收集数据并运用统计分析方法进行实证分析。研究结果表明，具有不同禀赋特征的农户在宅基地退出意愿上存在显著差异。具体来说，个体禀赋方面，年龄、教育程度的不同对宅基地退出意愿有显著影响；家庭禀赋方面，家庭收入、家庭成员结构和家庭负担状况的不同对宅基地退出意愿有显著影响；宅基地禀赋方面，宅基地面积、宅基地位置和宅基地利用状况的不同对宅基地退出意愿有显著影响；政策禀赋方面，政策认知程度和政策满意度的不同对宅基地退出意愿有显著影响。因此，在制定宅基地退出政策时，应充分考虑农户禀赋的差异性，制定有针对性的政策措施，提高农户对宅基地退出的接受度和参与度。

Abstract: With the rapid development of urbanization, the withdrawal of rural housing land has become a hot research topic. From the perspective of peasant household endowment difference, this paper discusses the influence of individual endowment, family endowment, homestead endowment and policy endowment difference on peasant household homestead exit intention. Through questionnaire survey and field interview, data were collected and statistical analysis was used for empirical analysis. The results show that farmers with different endowment characteristics have significant differences in homestead withdrawal intention. Specifically, in terms of individual endowment, age, education level and occupation type have significant effects on homestead exit intention. In terms of family endowment, the difference of family income, family member structure and family burden has a significant impact on homestead withdrawal intention. In terms of homestead endowment, homestead area, homestead location and homestead utilization have significant effects on homestead exit intention. In terms of policy endowment, the difference of policy cognition degree and policy satisfaction degree has a significant impact on homestead exit intention. Therefore, when formulating the homestead withdrawal policy, the differences of farmers’ endowments should be fully considered, and targeted policies and measures should be formulated to improve farmers’ acceptance and participation in homestead withdrawal policy.