马克思主义人口理论视域下我国应对人口老龄化的路径研究

A Study on the Path of China’s Response to Population Aging from the Perspective of Marxist Population Theory

摘要: 我国作为一个人口众多的国家，人口问题始终是我国发展道路上不可回避的重要议题。当前我国人口老龄化日益加剧，对日常生活、经济发展、社会保障等各个方面都带来了严峻考验。马克思主义人口理论包含两种生产的理论、人口发展与社会发展相互适应的理论、人口质量的理论以及人是生产者与消费者的统一，为我国应对人口老龄化提供了宝贵的理论指导：要以促进人口均衡发展为主线、以发展经济为根本路径、以辩证施政为关键举措。基于马克思主义人口理论，我国不仅要优化人口政策、教育与经济手段并重，还要完善养老保障制度和构建多元养老服务体系，找到一条符合国情的人口老龄化应对路径。

Abstract: China is a populous country, and the population issue has always been a core issue on our country’s development path. The current aging population in our country is becoming increasingly severe, which has brought severe challenges to daily life, economic development, social security, and other aspects. The Marxist population theory includes two theories of production, the theory of population development and social development adapting to each other, the theory of population quality, and the unity of people as producers and consumers, providing valuable theoretical guidance for China’s response to population aging: promoting balanced population development as the main line, developing the economy as the fundamental path, and dialectical governance as the key measure. Based on Marxist population theory, China not only needs to optimize population policies, balance education and economic means, but also needs to improve the elderly care security system and build a diversified elderly care service system, and find a population aging response path that is in line with the national conditions.