重建失乐园——鲁迅《社戏》中的童年书写

Restore Lost Paradise—Luxun’s Childhood Writing in “Social Drama”

摘要: 《社戏》是鲁迅关于童年书写的文本，贯注着其“救救孩子”的儿童观，主要体现在对于失乐园的重建。通过对比观看京剧和社戏的不同感受，反映儿童独特的感知思维，也以戏台为切入点辛辣剖析了封建社会种种乱象，这是乐园失落的原因。大量童年回忆的描写，打造出真善美的精神家园，作为一种心灵烙印，引起鲁迅时时的反顾，他通过文字留住自由的童真世界，这是重建乐园的思想准备。而鲁镇——平桥村——赵庄三处空间的转换各有其隐喻，其截然不同的风土人情象征着从纷扰俗世到淳朴乡土到艺术天堂的升华路径，展现出乐园重建后的美好景观，引人遐思。

Abstract: “Social Drama” is a text written by Luxun about childhood, focusing on his concept of “saving children”, which is mainly reflected in the reconstruction of Paradise lost. By comparing the different feelings of watching Beijing Opera and social drama, it reflects the unique perception and thinking of children, and also analyzes the chaos of feudal society with the stage as the starting point, which is the reason for the loss of paradise. The description of a large number of childhood memories created a spiritual home of truth, kindness and beauty. As a spiritual brand, Luxun always looked back. He retained the free childlike world through writing, which was the ideological preparation for rebuilding paradise. The transformation of the three Spaces of Luzhen, Pingqiao Village and Zhaozhuang has its own metaphors, and its completely different local customs and customs symbolize the sublimation path from the disturbed world to the simple country to the art paradise, showing the beautiful landscape after the reconstruction of the paradise and attracting people’s deep reflection.