铜仁市万山区冻雨气候特征分析

Analysis of Climate Characteristics of Freezing Rain in Wanshan District, Tongren City

摘要: 文章基于1992~2022年万山国家站及万山区各乡镇(街道)的冻雨日数与气象要素指标，分析冻雨的时空特征。结果表明：1992~2022年万山站冻雨日数呈显著的减少趋势，以2012年冻雨日数最多，为62 d，2017年与2021年冻雨日数最少，均为9 d。冻雨日数集中分布在每年的1月、2月与12月份，以1月份最多。万山区各年冬季冻雨强度存在较大差异，万山区冬季冻雨空间分布特征和时间演变规律主要受海拔高度、相对高度、迎风坡和背风坡、静止锋区、冷空气厚度和不同高度冷空气活动等因素的影响。

Abstract: Based on the freezing rain days and meteorological indicators of Wanshan National Station and towns (streets) in Wanshan district from 1992 to 2022, this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics of freezing rain. The results show that the number of freezing rain days at Wanshan Station showed a significant decrease from 1992 to 2022, with the highest number of freezing rain days in 2012, which was 62 days, and the lowest number of freezing rain days in 2017 and 2021, both of which were 9 days. The number of freezing rain days is concentrated in January, February, and December each year, with January being the most frequent. There are significant differences in the intensity of winter freezing rain in Wanshan District over different years. The spatial distribution characteristics and temporal evolution of winter freezing rain in Wanshan District are mainly influenced by factors such as altitude, relative height, windward and leeward slopes, stationary front zone, cold air thickness, and cold air activity at different heights.