贵阳机场辐射浓雾起雾前气象要素变化研究初探

Preliminary Study on the Changes of Meteorological Elements before the Formation of Radiation Dense Fog at Guiyang Airport

摘要: 基于贵阳机场自观数据，分析贵阳机场2014~2023年共75个辐射浓雾个例起雾前期不同时间的降温、增湿、降速及前12 h平均温度、平均相对湿度、平均风速、平均总云量的变化情况。结果表明：(1) 01号跑道和19号跑道起雾前期各气象要素整体差异不大；(2) 起雾前12 h至前1 h降温、增湿、降速逐渐递减，且越接近起雾时间，降温、增湿、降速均越小，起雾前3 h内温度、相对湿度、风速几乎不变；(3) 不同季节起雾前12 h平均温度差异较大，春季最低为7℃、最高为21℃、平均为13.4℃；夏季最低为17℃、最高为24℃，平均为21.4℃；秋季最低为3℃、最高为21℃，平均为13.6℃；冬季最低为2℃、最高为13℃，平均为5.6℃；(4) 起雾前12 h平均相对湿度77%~98%，平均为87%；前12 h平均风速小于2 m/s，平均总云量小于5个量。

Abstract: Based on self-observed data from Guiyang Airport, this paper analyzes the changes in temperature, humidity, and speed during the early stages of 75 cases of radiation induced dense fog at Guiyang Airport from 2014 to 2023, as well as the average temperature, average relative humidity, average wind speed, and average total cloud cover in the first 12 hours. The results indicate that: (1) There is not much overall difference in meteorological elements between runway 01 and runway 19 during the early stage of fog formation; (2) The cooling, humidification, and deceleration gradually decrease from 12 hours to 1 hour before fogging, and the closer to the fogging time, the smaller the cooling, humidification, and deceleration. The temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed remain almost unchanged within 3 hours before fogging; (3) There is a significant difference in the average temperature 12 hours before fogging in different seasons, with the lowest being 7˚C, the highest being 21˚C, and the average being 13.4˚C in spring; The lowest temperature in summer is 17˚C, the highest is 24˚C, and the average is 21.4˚C; The lowest temperature in autumn is 3˚C, the highest is 21˚C, and the average is 13.6˚C; The lowest temperature in winter is 2˚C, the highest is 13˚C, and the average is 5.6˚C; (4) The average relative humidity 12 hours before fogging is 77%~98%, with an average of 87%; The average wind speed in the first 12 hours is less than 2 m/s, and the average total cloud cover is less than 5 clouds.