标题:
相对论的同时性重探Simultaneity of Relativity Re-Exploration
作者:
田树勤
关键字:
狭义相对论, 同时的相对性, 同时的绝对性, 佯谬, 爱因斯坦火车, 时差效应Special Theory of
Relativity, Relativity of Simultaneity, Absoluteness of Simultaneity, Paradox, Einstein Train, Jet Lag Effect
期刊名称:
《Modern Physics》, Vol.4 No.4, 2014-07-22
摘要:
爱因斯坦火车假想实验，得出了同时性是相对的结论，但由此却产生了佯谬。通过对同时性问题进行重新分析推理，指出同时的相对性与狭义相对论的时间变换式，是互相矛盾的。根据时间变换式，相对运动的两惯性系，在S'系中的时钟，不可能同时校准S'系中OX'轴上的所有时钟，而只能校准其中的一个。肯定了S'系中OX'轴各坐标点上的时刻，在S'系观察，体现的是时差效应。就是说，爱因斯坦火车的车箱两端，在地面系观察，是存在时差的。如果将车箱两端的时差考虑在内，经数学推理，则无论是在地面上观察，还是在车箱内观察，运动车箱两端同时发出的光，都是同时到达车箱中间的。从而否定了同时的相对性，肯定了同时的绝对性。爱因斯坦的直觉经验，是导致他得出错误结论的根本原因。The relativity of simultaneity was derived from Einstein's train thought experiment, but it has created a paradox. Through a reasoning analysis on simultaneity, this paper points out that time- transformations from relativity of simultaneity are contradictory to time-transformations from the theory of special relativity. According to the time transformation equations, relative motion of the two inertial clocks in S' system cannot simultaneously calibrate all the clocks on OX' axial in S' system, but only calibrate one of them. From the observation in the S' system, it was called a jet lag effect. That is to say, when observing from the ground, there exists a jet lag between the two ends of Einstein train trunk. When taking the time difference at the ends of the trunk into consideration, and through mathematical reasoning analysis, the light should have arrived at the middle of the trunk simultaneously when it was observed from ground or in the trunk. That denies the relativity of simultaneity but certainly proves the absoluteness of simultaneity. Einstein’s intuitive expe-rience leads to a wrong conclusion.