温州沿海大风天气特征分析及预报指标探讨

Analysis on the Characteristics of Wenzhou Coastal Strong Wind Weather and Forecast Index

摘要: 利用温州北麂、洞头站风速资料以及NCEP再分析资料，对温州市沿海发生的大风天气进行了分析．研究发现温州沿海冬半年的大风主要由冷空气引起，初夏大风主要由倒槽和低压引起，夏季大风主要由台风引起。对引起9级以上大风的天气系统进行了分析，发现冷空气大风发生前一天850 hPa存在锋区，35˚N~45˚N间温差为16℃~26℃，地面40˚N~45˚N气压梯度为12~30 hPa；低压大风和气压梯度大的倒槽大风发生前一天850 hpa低槽的底部到达20˚N~25˚N、105˚E附近，槽前有低空急流。

Abstract: Using wind speed data of Beiji and Dongtou stations in Wenzhou and NCEP reanalysis data, the strong-wind weather off the coast of Wenzhou was analyzed. The study found that Wenzhou coastal winter wind is mainly caused by the cold air; early summer wind is mainly caused by the trough and low pressure; and summer wind is mainly caused by typhoon. The weather system causing more than 9 strength wind was analyzed. The existence of 850 hPa frontal zone, temperature gradient of 16˚C - 26˚C in 35˚N - 45˚N, and pressure gradient of 12 - 30 hPa in the ground 40˚N - 45˚N were found before the day that cold-air strong wind happened. The trough bottom of 850 hPa was in 20˚N - 25˚N, nearby 105˚E before the day that strong wind caused by low pressure and large gradient trough happened, and the jet stream was in front of trough.