居住区建筑和绿化布局对微气候影响特征研究

Characteristics of the Microclimate in Residential Areas of the Different Building and Green Layout

摘要: 为了研究建筑环境因素、SVF等因素对微气候的影响，以郑州市典型居住区帝湖花园为样区，根据绿地集成度、周边建筑环境、植物配置等指标选取了11个测点，实测风温湿度等微气候数据，并利用SPSS19对相关参数与风温湿的关系进行了相关性分析和线性回归分析。结果表明：建筑高度、SVF、三维绿量、绿地垂直结构等因素是影响居住区温湿度变化的重要因子；温度与SVF呈显著正相关性，与楼高、三维绿量呈负相关性；相对湿度与楼高、SVF呈显著负相关性，与三维绿量呈正相关；SVF每增加10%，气温上升1.01℃，相对湿度降低1.8%。研究结果可以作为城市绿地生态效益评价的参考，并为城市居住区绿地的设计、改造升级和管理提供科学依据。

Abstract: In order to study the relations of the microclimate, and the building environment factors and the SVF, according to the difference in green space integration, the surrounding building environment, and plant configuration mode, selecting DiHu residential district of ZhengZhou as an typical research subject, on the 11 sample points, the microclimate data of temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction were measured in field. The correlation analysis and linear regression analysis of the air temperature and humidity and the building height, SVF, the green biomass of three-dimensional and the green vertical structure were made by SPSS19. The results showed that: the building height, SVF, the green biomass of three-dimensional and the green vertical structure were important factors to influence the temperature and humidity changes in residential area. The temperature was a significant positive correlation with SVF and was negatively correlated with the building height and the green biomass of three-dimensional. The relative humidity had significant negative correlation with the building height, SVF, and was positive correlated with the green biomass of three-dimensional. As SVF increased 10%, the temperature rose 1.01˚C, while relative humidity was reduced by 1.8%. The results can be used as an evaluation reference for the ecological benefits of urban green space, and provide some scientific basis for urban residential green design, upgrade and management.