南宁市西乡塘区医疗设施空间可达性分析

Analysis of the Accessibility of Medical Facilities in Xixiangtang District of Nanning City

摘要: 在基本潜能模型的基础上，结合人口规模因子、医疗设施等级规模影响系数、交通拥堵和换乘等关键因素，借助GIS空间可视化技术对南宁市西乡塘区的医疗设施空间可达性进行研究。结果表明：西乡塘区医疗设施空间可达性分布不平衡，新阳街道、北湖街道与衡阳街道部分区域医疗设施空间可达性较高，整个区域的医疗空间可达性表现出明显的圈层结构，随着距离市中心越远可达性逐渐降低；主城区优质医疗资源集中于人口密集的街道，大部分街道层级医疗结构不明显；在极限出行时间限制下，各街道二级、一级医院的居民就医空间可达性均低于三级医院；在考虑实时路况与换乘时间时，居民公共交通就医时间成本要高于驾车就医的时间成本。以居民点为研究单元，并综合考虑医疗设施的等级规模、人口数量、实时路况、以及换乘时间成本对居民就医选择的影响，是一种比较客观科学的医疗设施可达性评价方法。

Abstract: Based on the basic potential model, combined with the key factors such as population size factor, medical facility scale impact coefficient, traffic congestion and transfer, the spatial accessibility of medical facilities in Xixiangtang District of Nanning City is studied by means of GIS spatial visuali-zation technology. The results show that the spatial accessibility of medical facilities in Xixiangtang District is unevenly distributed. The accessibility of medical facilities in some areas of Xinyang Street, Beihu Street and Hengyang Street is relatively high, and the accessibility of medical space in the whole area shows obvious circle. The layer structure, with the farther accessibility from the city center, gradually decreases; the quality medical resources in the main urban area are concentrated in densely populated streets, and most of the street level medical structures are not obvious; under the limit of travel time restrictions, each street has two levels and one. The hospital accessibility of hospitals is lower than that of tertiary hospitals; when considering real-time road conditions and transfer time, the cost of public transportation for residents is higher than the time cost for driving. Taking residential areas as research units and considering the scale of medical facilities, population size, real-time road conditions, and the impact of transfer time costs on residents’ choice of medical treatment is a more objective and scientific method for evaluating the accessibility of medical facilities.