北京2013年1月持续雾霾天气成因分析

Cause Analysis on Durative Fog and Haze in January 2013 over Beijing Area

摘要: 根据北京南郊观象台的监测数据、探空等资料分析了北京地区雾霾天气的气候背景，并结合北京的地形特点对北京地区2013年1月持续性雾霾天气的成因进行分析。结果表明，阿留申低压的强度和位置的异常对于北京地区雾霾天气的形成起到重要的影响，中纬度地区大气环流以纬向为主，冷空气势力偏北是造成北京地区2013年1月雾霾天气频发和长时间维持的重要原因。逆温层的出现有利于雾霾天气的形成和维持，而平原地区近地面的逆温难以被破坏则是北京2013年1月雾霾日数偏多的主要原因。

Abstract: Based on the monitoring and radiosonde data from Beijing Meteorological Observatory and combined with Beijing topography, this paper analyzes on the durative fog and haze in Jan 2013 over Beijing Area. The results showed that abnormal intensity and position of the Aleutian Low has an important influence on the formation of the durative fog and haze in Beijing. Atmospheric circulation is mainly on zonal in the middle latitudes. The cold air forces are partial to north is the important reason of the durative fog and haze occurred frequently and long-time maintenance in Jan 2013 over Beijing Area. Inversion layer has beneficial to the formation and maintenance of the fog and haze. And the inver-sion layer of plain area is difficult to be destructed is the mainly reason of abundant fog and haze in Jan 2013 over Bei-jing Area.