香菇多糖成分测定及抗突变作用的研究

Study on Content and Antimutagenic Effect of Lentinas Edodes Polysaccharides

摘要: 目的: 本研究通过分析香菇中的多糖及其抗突变作用，为香菇的开发和利用提供科学依据。方法: 采用硫酸-苯酚法测定香菇多糖；通过鼠伤寒沙门氏菌/微粒体酶试验(Ames) 、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和睾丸生殖细胞染色体分析方法对香菇提取液(多糖部分) 进行了抗突变试验。结果: 香菇中多糖含量为0.252 ± 0.016 mg/g(干品计) ；香菇多糖提取液的4个剂量组在加与不加微粒体酶活化系统(S9)的条件下, 均能抑制由敌克松( Dexon)、甲基甲烷磺酸酯( MMS)和2-乙酰氨基芴(2- AAF)所引起的TA98、TA100 回变菌落数的增加；抑制率分别为37.7%、69.8%、70.3%、78.1%、39.0%、78.1%、83.0%和88.6%。香菇多糖提取液能抑制由环磷酰胺（40.0 mg）引起的小鼠微核率的增加,抑制率分别为31.8%、52.8%和63.1%；同时也抑制由丝裂霉素-C（2.0 mg）引起的小鼠的睾丸生殖细胞染色体畸变率的增加，抑制率分别为13.9%、23.3%和77.9%。结论：香菇具有一定的抗突变作用。
>Objective: To analyze the content of polysaccharides in lentinas edodes and investigate the effect on antimutation of polysaccharides, so as to provide the reference for exploitation and utilization of lentinas edodes. Methods: Lentinas edodes polysaccharides were measured by sulfuric acid-phenol test. Amesassay, micronucleus formation assay and testicle cells chromosome aberration test were used to analyze the antimutagenic activities of Lentinas edodes polysaccharides. Results: The content of lentinas edodes polysaccharides ranged from 0.236 mg/g (dry weight) to 0.268 mg/g (dry weight). In four treatment groups (added S9 or not), the lentinas edodes polysaccharides in TA98 and TA100 could effectively inhibit revertant colonies induced by Dexon, MMS and 2-AAF, and the inhibitory rates were 37.7%, 69.8%, 70.3%, 78.1%, 39.0%, 78.1%, 83.0% and 88.6%, respectively. The lentinas edodes polysaccharides could inhibit cyclophosphamide-induced micronucleus formation of polychromatic erythrocytes of mice bone in treatment groups with the inhibitory rate of 31.80%, 52.80% and 63.10%, respectively. The lentinas edodes polysaccharides could markedly reduce the rate of chromosome aberration in mice testicle cells induced by mitomycin C, and the inhibitory rates were 13.9%, 23.3% and 77.9%, respectively. Conclusions: The polysaccharide of lentinas edodes has certain ability of antimutation.