摘要:
电子枪是真空电子器件的重要组成部分，无箔二极管是真空电子枪中的一种。本文利用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法研究太赫兹返波管中所使用的微型真空电子枪，着重研究环形强流相对论电子束的产生机理及传输特性。首先，通过理论分析对无箔二极管中束流传输规律做了定性的描述；其次，通过数值模拟对二极管中静态电场进行了计算；再次，利用2.5维粒子模拟软件对二极管的各项性能指标进行了优化设计，最终得到了一套最优工作参数。
Electron gun is an important part of vacuum electronic devices, and the foil-less diode is one kind of the vacuum electron guns. In this paper, a miniature vacuum electron gun which is used in terahertz backward wave oscillator is studied both by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, especially the production mechanism of annular electron beam and the propagation characteristics of the beam. First, the performance of foil-less diode was qualitatively described through the theoretical analysis. Second, the static electric field in the diode was calculated by numerical simulation. Third, the device performances were optimized by using 2.5D particle-in-cell simulation software. Finally, a set of optimal operating parameters were achieved.