青年结直肠癌的临床病理特点分析

Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer in Young Patients

摘要: 目的：分析我国青年结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)患者的临床病理特点。方法：回顾性分析136例CRC，以年龄为界分为3组：青年组(年龄 ≤ 40岁)、中年组(年龄：40~60岁)和老年组(年龄 > 60岁)，比较分析青年结直肠癌的临床病理特点，包括患者是否有合并症、肿瘤位置、TNM分期、病理类型和分化程度等。结果 青年、中年及老年组患者合并基础疾病发生率分别为59.0%、18.7%和8.2%，有统计学差异(P < 0.05)。肿瘤TNM分期中，中、老年患者肿瘤T4分期显著高于青年组(P < 0.05)，分别为52.1%、64.1%和20.4%。青年患者组肿瘤N2期所占比例高于中、老年组(P < 0.05)，分别为22.5%、16.6%和5.1%。三组患者的总TNM分期、肿瘤位置、TNM分期、病理类型和分化程度等并无统计学差异。结论：青年结直肠癌患者肿瘤T4分期较少，而肿瘤淋巴结转移率高，提示青年结直肠癌患者肿瘤更易于淋巴结转移。

Abstract:  Objective: Analysis of clinical and pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer in young patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 136 cases of CRC, which was divided by age into three groups: young group (age ≤ 40 years), middle-aged group (age: 40 to 60 years) and older group (age > 60 years). Compare the differences of clinical and pathological characteristics among them, including whether the patient has complications, tumor location, TNM stage, histological type, degree of differentiation and depth of invasion. Results: Patients with basic disease incidence were 59.0% in older group, 18.7% in middle-aged group and 8.2% in young group, a significant difference (P < 0.05). Elderly patients with T4 tumor staging were more than young group (P < 0.05), and the proportion respectively is 52.1% in middle-aged group, 64.1% in older group and 20.4% in young group. In N stage, the young group was higher than the others in the proportion of N2 stage, a significant difference (P < 0.05), and the proportion respectively is 22.5%, 16.6% and 5.1%. Conclusion: In TNM stage system, young patients in T4 stage are fewer, but the lymph node metastasis rate is higher, suggesting that CRC in young patients is easier to lymph node metastasis.