中国沿海省份高新技术产业竞争力评价研究

The Evaluation of the Competitiveness of High-Tech Industry in Coastal Provinces in China

摘要: 根据构建的包含3个一级指标、10个二级指标、33个三级指标的评价体系，基于熵值法对中国沿海11省的高新技术产业竞争力进行评价研究，结果表明：广东、江苏两省份在高新技术产业竞争力方面处于领先地位，山东、上海、浙江、福建、天津五省市则处于中游水平，广西、海南、河北，辽宁四省的科技竞争力则普遍较弱。进一步分析发现，广东、江苏这两省在四个一级指标上几乎都处于绝对竞争优势；山东、上海、浙江、福建等五省市仅在个别一级指标上具有绝对优势；广西、海南、河北，辽宁四省则在一级指标和二级指标上普遍具有绝对劣势，但在个别三级指标上有明显优势。因此，广东、江苏应继续保持优势，发挥对其他省市的引领和示范效应，山东、上海等五省市需要进一步优化各一级指标，在整体上都具有较大的提升空间，而广西、海南等四省则应充分发挥自身优势，选择局部突破来提升高新技术产业竞争力。

Abstract: According to construct evaluation index system which contains three first grade indices, ten second grade indices and thirty-three third grade indices, based on entropy method to China’s eleven provinces to evaluate the competitiveness of high-tech industry research, the results showed that: Guangdong and Jiangsu, are in a leading position in the high-tech industry competitiveness; five provinces—Shandong, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Tianjin and Fujian are in the middle technological level of competitiveness; Hainan, Guangxi, Hebei and Liaoning are generally weak. Further analysis re-vealed that Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces almost have an absolute competitive advantage in the four first grade level indicators; Zhejiang, Shandong, Shanghai, Tianjin and Fujian provinces have an absolute advantage only on the individual first level indicators; Hainan, Guangxi, Hebei and Liaoning generally have an absolute disadvantage in the four first and second grade level indicators, but in the individual third grade indicators have obvious advantages. Therefore, Guangdong and Jiangsu should continue to maintain their competitive edge, to play the demonstration effect of leading other provinces; Shandong, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian and Tianjin need to be further opti-mized their first level indicators—on the whole these provinces have a larger increase space; Hai-nan, Guangxi, Hebei and Liaoning should give full play to their strengths, select partial break-through technology to enhance competitiveness.