预蓄预泄模型在三峡水库动态控制中的应用

Application of Pre-Storage and Pre-Discharge Model on Dynamic Control in Three Gorges Reservoir

摘要: 三峡水库位于湖北宜昌三斗坪，6月中旬至9月下旬来水量约占全年来水量的61%，洪水则主要集中在7月、8月的主汛期。为了避免出现汛后无水可蓄和充分利用洪水资源，汛期调度时，采用汛期水位动态控制比单一水位调度更能够充分发挥水库的防洪发电效益。随着水文气象预报手段的发展，延长了预报的有效预见期，为预蓄预泄调度提供时间。本文利用宜昌站的汛期日流量资料作为基本资料，对汛期进行分期和确定汛期水位动态控制变幅范围，进而对有代表性的单峰型、双峰型、多峰型洪水在变幅范围内分别采用预蓄预泄模型进行调度，结果显示发电效益增加1%左右。

Abstract: The Three Gorges Reservoir is located at Yichang, Hubei province. Inflow of the reservoir from middle ten days of June to late September is about 61% in the whole year, and flood concentrates in the main flood season on July and August. In order to avoid no water storage after the flood season and make full use of flood resources, the dynamic control of the limited flood water level model during the main flood season was used. The flood control benefit can be maximum than a single water level scheduling. With the development of the hydrological forecast method, it ex- tends forecasting period effectively and provides preliminary time for pre-storage and pre-discharge scheduling. In this study, the main flood season and the dynamic control range of the limited flood water level were determined based on the daily data at the Yingchang station. The pre-storage and pre-discharge model was applied for regulating unimodal, bimodal and multimodal floods. The results show that power generation benefit can increase by about 1%.