摘要:
胆管癌，是一种恶性程度较高的肿瘤，临床较少见，占所有恶性肿瘤不足1％，但在中国胆管癌患者数呈逐年增多的趋势，因而胆管癌研究在我国具有特殊意义。胆管癌根据解剖位置的不同分为：肝门部胆管癌(PHC)、远端胆管癌(DCCA)和肝内胆管癌(ICCA)，肝门部胆管癌最为常见。目前，手术治疗是最佳的治疗手段，但由于早期诊断困难，确诊时多为晚期，因此只有不到10%的患者能够耐受手术治疗，但术后复发率较高，生存率低等问题仍然未能解决。随着人们对胆管癌临床治疗研究的不断深入，新的治疗手段逐渐形成。本文归纳分析了胆管癌的分型、临床表现、危险因素、分子生物学机制及其相关治疗手段的研究结果。
Abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), is a highly malignant tumor, clinically rare and accounting for less than 1% of all malignant tumors. But the number of patients with cholangiocarcinoma in China increases year by year, so cholangiocarcinoma research has special significance in our country. Depending on the anatomical location, cholangiocarcinoma is divided into: hilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC), the distal bile duct (DCCA) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA), among which hilar is the most common. Currently, surgery is the best treatment, but because early diagnosis is difficult, most cases are in the end-stage when diagnosed; therefore, less than 10% of patients are able to tolerate surgery. However the high recurrence rate and low survival rate are still unresolved. With clinical treatment of cholangiocarcinoma deepening, new treatments gradually formed. This article summarizes the results of the analysis of the cholangiocarcinoma typing, clinical manifestations, risk factors, molecular biological mechanisms and related treatment.