脱毒马铃薯试管苗移栽密度对原原种薯生产的影响

The Influence of Tube Plantlets Transplanting Density of Virus-Free Potato on the Original Seed Potato Production

摘要: 为了研究西藏日喀则地区“艾玛”脱毒马铃薯试管苗移栽密度对原原种繁殖的影响，采用西藏日喀则地区主推品种“艾玛”脱毒马铃薯试管苗，设置5 cm × 8 cm、4 cm × 8 cm、4 cm × 5 cm、3 cm × 5 cm、2 cm × 3 cm，对照组2 cm × 2 cm，6个处理密度进行试验，并对6个处理密度条件下对植株的成活率、植株的性状(株高、叶片数、分枝数、茎粗等)、总薯数以及2 g以上合格薯数进行测定。结果表明：在脱毒马铃薯试管苗苗龄及生产环境相同的情况下，移栽密度对温室大棚里的植株成活率没有太大的影响，而对植株的性状变化有一定的规律，即随移栽密度的增大株高变小、叶片数变少、分枝数变少、茎粗也变细。密度处理为5 cm × 8 cm时结薯数最多，合格薯数最多。因此，综合单位成本，总薯数，合格薯数等进行分析，以移栽密度5 cm × 8 cm较为合适。

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of transplanting density of “Emma” virus-free potato plantlets in the Xigaza district in Tibet on the propagation of the original species, six different transplanting density groups (5 cm × 8 cm, 4 cm × 8 cm, 4 cm × 5 cm, 3 cm × 5 cm, 2 cm × 3 cm as experimental groups and 2 cm × 2 cm as control group respectively) were conducted to study their effects on the plant survive rate, plant character (plant height, number of blades, branching number and stem diameter, etc.), the total number of potatoes, and qualified number of potatoes more than 2 g. The results showed that when using the same age of seedlings and under the same condition of planting environment, transplanting density hardly had any effect on the survival rate of potato plants in greenhouses. While transplanting density influenced the plant character with certain regularity, which was along with the density increment, the plant height became smaller; the number of blades and branching decreased and the plant stem became slender. The optimal condition was in density of 5 cm × 8 cm, with the results of the most potatoes and maximum qualified numbers. Therefore, taken into comprehensive consideration of unit cost, total potatoes and qualified numbers, the density of 5 cm × 8 cm was a better choice for the potato plantlets transplanting.