樟子松生长指标对土壤类型的响应

The Response of Pinus sylvestris Var. Mongolica Growth Index to Soil Types

摘要: 揭示土壤类型对樟子松生长的影响，对确定樟子松的栽培土壤有指导意义，对促进林木生长，增加林木产量有重要作用。本研究以塞罕坝地区樟子松为研究对象，研究灰色森林土、棕壤、风沙土3种土壤类型对樟子松生长的影响，结果如下：1) 不同土壤类型林木胸径为：幼龄林林分胸径为灰色森林土(10.39 cm) > 棕壤(9.70 cm) > 风沙土(7.81 cm)；中龄林为灰色森林土(14.94 cm) > 棕壤(14.42 cm) > 风沙土(13.77 cm)；近熟林为灰色森林土(20.43 cm) > 棕壤(19.00 cm) > 风沙土(18.01 cm)；2) 不同土壤类型林木树高如下：幼龄林为棕壤(7.58 m) > 灰色森林土(6.33 m) > 风沙土(4.60 m)；中龄林为灰色森林土(10.02 m) > 棕壤(9.73 m) > 风沙土(9.57 m)；近熟林为灰色森林土(14.79 m) > 棕壤(12.95 m) > 风沙土(11.85 m)；3) 不同土壤类型林木蓄积量如下：幼龄林为灰色森林土(97.29 m³∙hm⁻²) > 棕壤(51.40 m³∙hm⁻²) > 风沙土(31.58 m³∙hm⁻²)；中龄林为灰色森林土(167.54 m³∙hm⁻²) > 棕壤(152.89 m³∙hm⁻²) > 风沙土(137.66 m³∙hm⁻²)；近熟林为灰色森林土(206.42 m³∙hm⁻²) > 棕壤(182.87 m³∙hm⁻²) > 风沙土(180.96 m³∙hm⁻²)；4) 幼龄林和中龄林樟子松林分与林分平均密度呈正相关关系(R分别为0.62、0.68)，相关关系均极显著(P ≤ 0.01)；近熟林林分与林分平均密度相关性不显著(P = 0.09 > 0.05)。通过本试验研究明确了土壤类型对樟子松生长的影响，开展樟子松栽植技术增加林木生长量提供了数据依托。

Abstract: This paper reveals the effects of soil types on growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. It helps to decide the soil for the growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, to promote forest development, and to increase the forest production. With Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in Saihanba area study, it describes the effects of gray forest soil, brown soil, aeolian sandy soil in 3 types of soil on growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. The results are as follows: 1) The diameter at breast heights in different types of soil tree are: Young Stand DBH for gray forest soil (10.39 cm) > brown soil (9.70 cm) > aeolian sandy soil (7.81 cm); middle age forest for gray forest soil (14.94 cm) > brown soil (14.42 cm) > aeolian sandy soil (13.77 cm); near ripe forest for gray forest soil (20.43 cm) > brown soil (19.00 cm) > aeolian sandy soil (18.01 cm); 2) The tree heights in different soil types are as follows: the young forest for brown forest soil (7.58 m) > gray forest soil (6.33 m) > aeolian sandy soil (4.60 m); middle age forest for gray forest soil (10.02 m) > brown soil (9.73 m) > aeolian sandy soil (9.57 m); near ripe forest for gray forest soil (14.79 m) > brown soil (12.95 m) > aeolian sandy soil (11.85 m); 3) The forest stock volume in different types of soil are as follows: the young forest for gray forest soil (97.29 m³∙hm⁻²) > brown soil (51.40 m³∙hm⁻²) > aeolian sandy soil (31.58 m³∙hm⁻²); middle age forest for gray forest soil (167.54 m³∙hm⁻²) > brown soil (152.89 m³∙hm⁻²) > sandy soil (137.66 m³∙hm⁻²); near ripe forest for gray forest soil (206.42 m³∙hm⁻²) > brown soil (182.87 m³∙hm⁻²) > aeolian sandy soil (180.96 m³∙hm⁻²); 4) Young and mid-maturation forest stand and stand average density are in positively correlated relationship (R values are 0.62, 0.68 respectively); the relevant relations are extremely significant (P ≤ 0.01), and nearly ripe forest and forest average density have no significant correlations (P = 0.09 > 0.05). The study clarifies the effects of soil types on the growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica and provides data support for carrying out planting technology to develop the growth.