中药过敏反应文献分析与认知情况问卷调查

The Literature Analysis and Questionnaire Survey of Cognitive Situation about Chinese Medicine Allergic Reaction

摘要: 目的：增强人们对中药知识及使用的认知程度，合理使用，减少中药的不良反应。方法：首先通过检索中国知网数据库中常用中药注射剂中引起过敏反应报告较多的病例，对患者一般情况及过敏反应类型等进行统计并整理结果；其次对广州市在住居民进行中药过敏反应认知情况问卷调查，并对有效问卷相关内容进行统计分析。结果：在检索到的中药注射剂所致过敏病例1352例中，I型超敏反应占94.75%；男性和成人分别占54.22%和74.56%。在问卷调查中共回收有效问卷268份，对使用中药初次过敏的认识仅为10.77%，55.38%的人数为不清楚；对中药使用较多的女性占64.62%；使用中药原因认为有效及副作用少的分别占42.93%、51.52%。结论：临床药物过敏类型中不可忽视I型或与I型类似的类过敏反应的反生；提高人们对中药的认知程度，中药是国宝，但要注意选择适合的剂型，正确、合理使用，保证用药的安全性。

Abstract: Objective: To enhance people’s cognition for traditional Chinese medicine knowledge and use, reasonable use, reduce the adverse reaction of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: First, re-trieve traditional Chinese medicine injections which are commonly used and caused lots of allergic reactions cases in the report by the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, statistic data about the patient’s general situation and allergic reaction type and so on, and sort result; second, investigate Guangzhou residents perceptions of Chinese medicine allergic reaction, and make a careful analysis of related contents in the valid questionnaires. Results: Retrieve 1352 allergic cases were caused by traditional Chinese medicine injection, the effective rates of type I immune hypersensitivity reactions, males and adults were 94.75%, 54.22% and 74.56% respectively. In 268 effective questionnaires, the effective rates were 10.77% for the first time allergy which was caused by using traditional Chinese medicine, 55.38% residents were not clear; women which often used traditional Chinese medicine made up 64.62%; it accounted for 42.93%, 51.52% respectively because traditional Chinese medicine were effective and less side effects to use it. Conclusion: In the allergy type of clinical drug, type I allergic reaction or anaphylactoid can not be neglected. Improve people’s cognition of the traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine is a national treasure, but it should pay attention to choose the suitable dosage forms, correct and reasonable use, guarantee the safety of medication.