创新湖泊管理体制机制，推进湖泊生态文明制度建设

Innovative Lake Management System and Mechanism, and Promote the Construction of Ecological Civilization System of Lake

摘要: 目前我国湖泊面临数量减少、面积缩小、水体污染和富营养化、水生生物资源衰退、河湖阻隔、洪水调蓄能力降低等一系列生态环境问题，严重威胁着湖泊的生存、湖泊生态系统的安全和经济社会的可持续发展，究其原因主要是湖泊管理体制机制的缺失。保护湖泊必须依靠制度，湖泊生态文明制度建设是保护湖泊的根本保障。由于湖泊管理体制机制的建立是湖泊生态文明制度建设的主要内容，因此当前应以国家加快生态文明制度建设为契机，大力推进湖泊生态文明制度建设，创新湖泊管理体制机制，实现用制度保护湖泊的目标。为此本文针对我国目前湖泊管理中存在的主要问题，按照十八大和十八届三中全会对于生态文明制度建设的有关要求，提出了新型的湖泊管理体制机制，鉴于目前还没有湖泊生态文明制度的具体内容，因此本文也丰富了湖泊的生态文明制度建设。

Abstract: There are a series of lake problems in China, such as decline in the number of lakes, reduction of lake area, water pollution and eutrophication in lakes, disconnection between lakes and rivers and reduction in the lake storage capacity, which cause a number of environmental problems and bring many serious concerns on the lake’s existence, lake ecosystem security as well as the sustainable development of economic society. These problems are resulted mainly from the lack of management system and mechanism. The protection of the lake must rely on the system; the con-struction of ecological civilization system is the fundamental guarantee for the protection of the lake. As the main content of the construction of ecological civilization system, the establishment of the lake management system is the main content of the construction of ecological civilization system in the country. For this purpose, the main problems of Lake Management in our country, according to the eighteen and third Plenary Session of the Third Plenary Session of the construction of ecological civilization system requirements, put forward a new type of lake management system mechanism, in view of the fact that there is no specific content of lake ecological civilization system, so this paper also enrich the ecological civilization system construction.