从科学纲领研究方法来看“杠杆”教学

The Study of Lever Teaching by Science Program Research Methods

摘要: 拉卡托斯认为科学认识是一个动态发展的过程，任何科学理论都是由硬核和保护带构成，科学纲领的发展和调整遵循反面启发法和正面启发法两种方法论原则。本文从拉卡托斯科学研究纲领方法论的视角，探讨小学科学教材中“杠杆”教学的合理性和科学性，以期对拉卡托斯的科学研究纲领方法论有更深层次的理解，同时对科学教育者的教学有一定的启示作用。

Abstract: Lakatos believes that scientific knowledge is a dynamic process of development, and any scientific theory is composed of a hard core and a protective belt, and the development and adjustment programs of scientific programme follow these two methodological principles about negative heuristics and positive heuristics. This study is to discuss primary science textbooks and scientific and reasonable “lever” of teaching based on the perspective of the science program research methods from Lakatos, which is intended to have a deeper understanding of his theory and give a certain inspiration to these science teachers.