几种新型保水剂对水肥淋失和菜心生长的影响
Study on the Effects of Several Kinds ofNew Super Absorbent Polymers on Soil Leaching Loss of Water and Nitrogen and Growth of Flowering Chinese Cabbage
DOI: 10.12677/HJAS.2015.56029, PDF, HTML, XML,  被引量 下载: 2,148  浏览: 6,598 
作者: 李世坤：广东润田肥业有限公司，广东 新兴；钟秀娟, 毛小云, 廖宗文：华南农业大学资源环境学院，广东 广州
关键词: 新型保水剂；氮肥淋失；菜心；New Super Absorbent Polymers； Nitrogen Leaching； Flowering Chinese Cabbage
摘要: 通过模拟试验和盆栽试验，研究了3种新型保水剂对土壤蒸发量、氮肥和水分淋失以及菜心生长的影响。土杯淋溶试验表明，加入保水剂可使土壤含水量平均增加7.10%~28.42％。土柱淋溶试验表明，在第14d，与NH4NO3相比，加(PSB)处理的的氮素累计淋失量降低4.68%，与尿素相比，加(NJ1)和(NJ2)处理的氮素累计淋失量分别降低20.20%和14.49％。盆栽实验表明，与NH4NO3相比，施用保水剂处理的菜心生物量的增产幅度为10.33%~34.44%。
Abstract: This paper studied the effects of three kinds of new super absorbent polymers on soil evaporation, nitrogen and water leaching and growth of flowering Chinese cabbage through simulation experiment and pot experiment. The soil cup leaching experiment showed that the soil water content in treatment with super absorbent polymers increased from 7.10% to 28.42% on average. The soil column test showed that on the 14th day of the experiment, the accumulative leaching losses of soil nitrogen in treatment with PSB were 4.68% lower than those in NH4NO3 treatment, while in the treatment with NJ1 and NJ2, the losses were 20.20% and 14.49%. The pot experiment showed that the biomass of flowering Chinese cabbage in treatment with the complex water-retaining agent increased from 10.33% to 34.44% on average than that in NH4NO3 treatment.
文章引用：李世坤, 钟秀娟, 毛小云, 廖宗文. 几种新型保水剂对水肥淋失和菜心生长的影响[J]. 农业科学, 2015, 5(6): 199-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/HJAS.2015.56029

参考文献

[1] 李庆逵, 朱兆良, 于天仁. 中国农业持续发展中的肥料问题[M]. 南昌: 江西科学技术出版社, 1998: 1-5.
[2] 廖宗文, 刘可星, 王德汉, 等. 发展有中国特色的控释肥[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2001, 3(4): 71-75.
[3] Shaviv, A. and Mikkelsen, R.L. (1993) Controlled Release Fertilizers to Increase Efficiency of Nutrition and Minimize Environmental Degradation—A Review. Fertilizer Research, 35, 1-12.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750215
[4] 山仑, 陈国良, 主编. 黄土高原旱地农业的理论与实践[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1993: 298-301.
[5] 李英能, 主编. 节水农业新技术[M]. 南昌: 江西科学技术出版社, 1998, 344-348.
[6] 刘春生, 杨吉华, 马玉增, 等. 抗旱保水剂在果园中的应用效应研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2003, 17(2): 134-136.
[7] 崔英德, 郭建维, 阎文峰, 等. SA-IP-SPS型保水剂及其对土壤物理性能的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2003, 19(1): 28-31.
[8] 杜生太, 康绍忠, 张富仓, 等. 固体水的吸水特性及其抗旱节水效应[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2002, 20(3): 49-53.
[9] 李云开, 杨培岭, 刘洪禄. 保水剂农业应用及其效应研究进展[J]. 农业工程学报, 2002, 18(2): 182-186.
[10] 李雅丽. 耐电解质高吸水性树脂的合成及其吸液性研究[J]. 应用化工, 2003, 32(4): 27-29.
[11] 杜建军, 廖宗文, 宋波, 等. 包膜控释肥养分释放特性评价方法的研究进展[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2002, 8(1): 16-21.
[12] 卢其明, 孙克君, 廖宗文, 等. 聚合物/膨润土复合材料的水肥调控特性研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2004, 18(4): 50-51.
[13] Paramasivam, S. and Alva, A.K. (1997) Leaching of Nitrogen Forms from Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 28, 1663-1674.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103629709369906
[14] 中国土壤学会农业化学专业委员会. 土壤农业化学常规分析方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版, 1983: 186-194.
[15] Flannery, R.L. and Busscher, W.J. (1982) Use of Synthetic Polymer in Potting Soils to Improve Water Holding Capacity. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 13, 103-111.
[16] Woodhouse, J. and Johnson, M.S. (1991) Effect of Superabsorbent Polymers on Survival and Growth of Crop Seeding. Agricultural Water Management, 20, 63-70.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-3774(91)90035-H
[17] Kazanskii, K.S. and Dubrovskii, S.A. (1992) Chemistry and Physics of Water-Storing Agricultural Polyacrylamides. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 36, 789-793.
[18] Chatzoudis, K.S. and Rigas, F. (1998) Macroreticular Hydrogel Effects on Dissolution Rate of Controlled-Release Fertilizers. Journal Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 46, 2830-2833.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf970969f
[19] 王志玉, 刘作新. 高吸水树脂的性能及其在农业上的应用[J]. 土壤通报, 2004, 35(3): 352-355.
[20] 刘瑞凤, 张俊平, 王爱勤. PAM-atta复合保水剂的保水性能及影响因素研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2005, 21(9): 47-50.
[21] 毛小云, 李世坤, 廖宗文. 有机-无机复合保水肥的保水保肥效果研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2006, 22(6): 45-48.

为你推荐