自尊水平对大学生自我相关词汇记忆成绩的影响

Influence of Self-Esteem Level on College Students’ Self Vocabulary Memory Performance

摘要: 为了研究大学生的自尊水平对其记忆自我相关词汇的影响，以修改的《多元自尊问卷》为工具，以大连市某高校的大学生为被试，从中筛选出自我自尊、他人自尊和关系自尊得分最高的30%和得分最低的30%被试进行实验。实验内容为给被试随机呈现形容人格特质的积极词汇、消极词汇和与形容人格无关的词汇各20个，全部呈现完毕之后测试被试的回忆情况。得出了以下结论：(1) 自尊水平高低，对大学生记忆自我相关词汇产生影响。自我自尊和他人自尊水平低的大学生，记忆消极词汇的成绩高于记忆积极词汇和无关词汇。而关系自尊水平低的大学生则不存在这一特点。(2) 自我自尊高分组的被试记忆积极词汇的得分高于消极词汇的得分，也高于记忆无关词汇的得分，差异显著；自我自尊低分组的被试记忆消极词汇的得分高于记忆积极词汇的得分，高于记忆无关词汇的得分，差异显著。(3) 他人自尊高分组和低分组的被试，在记忆三种词汇的得分上，差异不显著。(4) 关系自尊高分组的被试，在记忆三种词汇的得分上，差异不显著；关系自尊低分组的被试，在记忆三种词汇的得分上，差异显著，记忆消极词汇的得分高于记忆积极词汇的得分，高于记忆无关词汇的得分。

Abstract: In order to study the effect of self-esteem on memory of self-related words, we had used the mul-tiple self-esteem questionnaire as the tool, and we selected the students of Liaoning Normal Uni-versity as the subjects, to test the level of self-esteem of College students. Screening of self-esteem, self-respect and self-esteem of others the highest 30% and lowest score of 30% subjects partici-pated in the experiment from. The contents of experiments to subjects were randomly presented to describe positive words, negative words and personality traits and describe the personality in-dependent vocabulary each 20, all show finished recalls the situation after test subjects. We draw the following conclusions: (1) The self-esteem level has an influence on the memory of college students’ self-related words. For the college students who have low level of self-esteem and other- esteem, the score of the negative vocabulary memory is higher than the other kinds of words. (2) For high self-esteem group subjects, the score of the active vocabulary memory is significantly higher than the other two kinds of words; nevertheless, for low self-esteem groups, the score of negative vocabulary memory is significantly higher than the other two kinds. (3) On the other- esteem level, there was no significant difference of the memory among the three kinds of words. (4) On the relationship esteem, for high relationship esteem group subjects, the difference of the scores of memorizing three kinds of vocabularies was not significant. While for the low group, the difference was significant. Moreover, the score of the negative vocabulary memory is higher than the active and passive ones.