摘要:
如何估算小流域降雨的可集雨量，是当前雨水集蓄利用中一个亟待解决的技术问题。过去，许多专家学者和工程技术人员在解决这一问题时，大多采用了小面积野外定点观测试验法等，但各有优势和不足。针对这一问题，美国水土保持局提出了解决小面积集水径流计算的新方法——降雨SCS方法。SCS方法的优点在于，计算简便易行，所需计算参数少，对观测数据的要求简单，能够分别计算各种不同前期条件和降水条件下的地表产流量值。应用该方法的实证分析结果表明，模型原理清楚，计算过程简洁，计算结果准确，不失为一种较好的小流域径流估算方法。
Abstract:
How to estimate small watershed rainfall that can be collected is a technical problem which needs to be solved in rainwater harvesting and utilization currently. In the past, many experts and engineers usually used small-area field fixed-point observation test method and other methods in solving this problem. However, these methods have their advantages and disadvantages. Aiming at this problem, the US Soil Conservation Service proposed a new solution for small-area catchment runoff calculation—Rainfall SCS Method. The advantages of SCS method are simple calculation, few parameters, and simple observational data requirements; the value of surface runoff can be calculated under various precipitation conditions and preconditions using this method. The empirical results using this method show clear model principle, simple calculation, and accurate results. It is a kind of good method for small watershed runoff estimation.